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The Masnavi, Book I (Rumi) · 33 of 37 · tr. E.H. Whinfield

STORY XVa

Counsels of Reserve given by the Prophet to his Freedman Zaid. At dawn the Prophet said to Zaid, "How is it with thee this morning, O pure disciple?" He replied, "Thy faithful slave am I." Again he said, "If the garden of faith has bloomed, show a token of it." He answered, "I was athirst many days, By night I slept not for the burning pangs of love; So that I passed by days and nights, As the point of a spear glances off a shield. For in that state all faith is one, A hundred thousand years and a moment are all one; World without beginning and world without end are one; Reason finds no entrance when mind is thus lost." The Prophet again urged Zaid to deliver to him a present from that celestial region, as a token that he had really been there in the spirit. Zaid answered that he had seen the eight heavens and the seven hells, and the destinies of all men, whether bound to heaven or hell. The body, he said, is as a mother, and the soul as her infant, and death is the time of parturition, when it becomes manifest to what class the infant soul belongs. As, on the day of judgment it will be manifest to all men whether a soul belongs to the saved or to the lost, so now it was plain and manifest to him. He went on to ask the Prophet if he should publish this secret knowledge of his to all men, or hold his peace. The Prophet told him to hold his peace. Zaid, however, proceeded to detail the vision of the last judgment, which he had seen when in the spirit; and the Prophet again commanded him to pause, adding that" God is never ashamed to say the truth," l and allows His Prophet to speak forth the truth, but that for Zaid to blab forth the secrets seen in ecstatic vision would be wrong. Zaid replied that it was impossible for one who had once beheld the Sun of "The Truth" to keep his vision a secret. But the Prophet in reply instructed him that all men are masters of their own wills, and that he must not reveal what God has determined to keep secret till the last day, in order to leave men till then under the stimulus of hope and fear, and to give them the credit of "believing what is not seen." 2 More honour is given to the warder of a castle who faithfully executes his trust at a distance from the court than to those courtiers who serve constantly under the king's own eye. Zaid submitted to tho Prophet's injunctions, and remained self-contained in his ecstatic visions. Anecdotes of the sage Luqman, of King Solomon, and of a conflagration in the days of the Khalifa 'Omar complete the section. The Prophet's final counsels of "Reserve". The Prophet said, "My companions are as the stars, Lights to them that walk aright, missiles against Satan. If every man had strength of eyesight To look straight at the light of the sun in heaven, What need were there of stars, O humble one, To one who was guided by the light of the sun? Neither moon nor planets would be needed By one who saw directly the Sun of 'The Truth.' The Moon 3 declares, as also the clouds and shadows, ' I am a man, yet it hath been revealed to me.' 4 Like you, I was naturally dark, 'Twas the Sun's revelation that gave me such light. I still am dark compared to the Sun, Though I am light compared to the dark souls of men. Therefore is my light weak, that you may bear it, For you are not strong enough to bear the dazzling Sun. I have, as it were, mixed honey with vinegar, To succour the sickness of your hearts.
Themes
Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

The passage emphasizes that God keeps certain truths secret until the last day to preserve human hope and faith.

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Divine Intoxicationpraxis

Ecstatic, non-rational receptivity to the divine figured as drunkenness — Plato's symposium wine, Rumi's sukr, Eckhart's 'sober drunkenness'; the passive/receptive metaphor for divine encounter, distinct from divine_madness's active possessing rapture.

The 'burning pangs of love' and the loss of reason depict an ecstatic receptivity to the divine akin to spiritual intoxication.

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Divine Madnesssoteriology

Ecstatic irrational rapture — Plato's mania, Bruno's furore — by which the soul transcends ordinary reason and attains direct contact with divine reality; madness reframed as higher knowledge.

Zaid's state is described as one where 'Reason finds no entrance when mind is thus lost,' framing ecstatic irrationality as higher knowledge.

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Fana Annihilationsoteriology

Sufi self-effacement in God — the via by which the lover is unmade as a separate ego and recovered as God's act; specifies the practice/event rather than mystical_union's resulting state.

The text describes the mind being lost and reason finding no entrance, characteristic of Sufi self-effacement in God.

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Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

Zaid claims direct experiential knowledge of the heavens, hells, and destinies of men through his spiritual vision.

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Hidden Sayingssoteriology

Esoteric teachings reserved for those ready to receive them; outer meaning conceals an inner liberating truth.

The Prophet explicitly instructs Zaid to hold his peace regarding the secrets seen in ecstatic vision, reserving them for the last day.

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Inner Lightanthropology

The divine spark or luminous quality residing within the human person, potentially recognisable through introspection.

The Prophet explains that his light is a reflection of the Sun's revelation, indicating an inner luminous quality derived from the divine.

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Inner Silencepraxis

The practice of stilling the mind and speech to open receptivity to divine knowledge or presence.

The Prophet commands Zaid to 'hold his peace' and remain self-contained regarding his visions.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

God is depicted as actively determining secrets and speaking truth through the Prophet, showing a dynamic divine presence.

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Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

Zaid describes a state where 'all faith is one' and time collapses, indicating a merging of the self with divine reality.

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Opposites Transcendedanthropology

The dissolution of binary oppositions (male/female, inner/outer, above/below) as a mark of spiritual completion.

In the vision, binary oppositions like beginning/end and long/short time are dissolved into oneness.

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Psychopomp Journeycosmology

Guided passage of the soul through afterlife realms.

Zaid's vision includes seeing the eight heavens and seven hells, mapping the realms of the afterlife.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

Zaid details a vision where he ascends in the spirit to see the eight heavens and the destinies of souls.

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Unity Of Beingtheology

The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.

In the ecstatic state, Zaid perceives that 'World without beginning and world without end are one' and all faith is unified.

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Divine Lighttheology

The uncreated luminous quality of the divine, sometimes experienced directly in mystical states; illumination as revelation.

[auto] The passage concludes with an extended metaphor of the Sun of Truth, the Prophet as the Moon, and companions as stars, illustrating divine illumination.

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Eschatological Judgmentsoteriology

Final, collective cosmic judgment as an event in which the wicked are sentenced and the cosmos restored; distinct from psychopomp_journey (individual passage at death) and emphasising verdict where Zoroastrian frashokereti emphasises restoration.

[auto] Zaid describes a vision of the last judgment where the destinies of all men and their classification as saved or lost are made manifest.

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Related passages · 30 parallels
egyptian|The Egyptian Book of the Dead (Papyrus of Ani)|Chapter 35 (part 2)
Saith Osiris Ani: "I am the (2) pure lotus which cometh forth from the god of light, the guardian of the nostrils of Ra, the guardian (3) of the nose of Hathor. I advance and I hasten (4) after him who is Horus. I am, the pure one who com…”
Both passages describe mystical experiences of light and transformation, with the seeker gaining insight and overcoming darkness. They share themes of divine light, spiritual awakening, and the transcendence of ordinary perception.
egyptian|The Egyptian Heaven and Hell|Chapter 5 (part 8)
This result Thoth announces to the gods in the following words, "In very truth the heart of Osiris hath been weighed, and his soul hath stood as a witness for him; its case is right (i.e., it hath been found true by trial) in the Great Bala…”
Both passages describe a judgment scene where the righteousness of the individual is assessed. In Passage A, Ani's heart is weighed and found righteous, granting him entry into the afterlife. In Passage B, Zaid describes seeing the destinies of all men, whether bound to heaven or hell, based on their righteousness. Both traditions emphasize the importance of righteous living and divine judgment.
gnosticism|Gospel of Thomas|Logion 13
Jesus said to his disciples, "Compare me to someone and tell me whom I am like." Simon Peter said to him, "You are like a righteous angel." Matthew said to him, "You are like a wise philosopher." Thomas said to him, "Master, my mouth is who…”
Both passages explore the theme of ineffable spiritual knowledge and the difficulty of conveying divine experiences to others. They also highlight the need for discretion in sharing such knowledge, as it may not be understood or accepted by those who have not had similar experiences.
gnosticism|Gospel of Thomas|Logion 24
His disciples said to him, "Show us the place where you are, since it is necessary for us to seek it." He said to them, "Whoever has ears, let him hear. There is light within a man of light, and he lights up the whole world. If he does not…”
Both passages emphasize the presence of divine light within individuals and the transformative power of this light. They also highlight the importance of inner vision and the challenge of communicating mystical experiences.
gnosticism|Gospel of Thomas|Logion 83
Jesus said, "The images are manifest to man, but the light in them remains concealed in the image of the light of the father. He will become manifest, but his image will remain concealed by his light."…”
Both passages discuss the concealment and manifestation of divine light or truth. In Passage A, Jesus speaks of the light of the father being concealed within images, while in Passage B, Zaid describes seeing the Sun of 'The Truth' and the Prophet explains the need to conceal certain truths to maintain hope and fear among men.
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document FIRSTc
And all the Angels with their Archangels and with all the Powers of the Height were all hymning unto the inner part of the inner parts. So that all the earth heard their voices, not ceasing even unto the nine of the morrow. But the discip…”
Both passages describe a mystical experience involving divine light and the revelation of hidden truths. They share themes of transcendence, the ineffability of divine light, and the transformation of the disciples or followers through these experiences.
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document FIRSTŽ
But answered Maria the mother of Jesus, said she, My Lord, thy power of light prophesied about these [106 ] words once by Solomon in his nine(teenth) ode and said it, The Lord upon my head as a crown, and I shall not become 58 outside of hi…”
Both passages discuss the concept of divine light and its interaction with human beings, emphasizing the role of divine intervention and the transformative power of spiritual insight. They share themes of divine mercy, truth, and the mystical union between the divine and the human.
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THE SECOND TOME OF THE PISTIS SOPHIA [115 ] Came also forward Iohannes, said he, O Lord, command to me also for to say the explanation of the words which thy power of light prophesied once by David. But answered Jesus, said he to Iohannes,…”
Both passages discuss the transmission of divine knowledge and the role of a spiritual guide or prophet in mediating this knowledge. They also touch on the theme of divine light and the limitations of human understanding in the face of divine truth.
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These (things) therefore while the First Mystery is saying unto the disciples, that they happened to the Pistis Sophia in the Chaos, answered, said he to them, Do ye understand in what manner I am speaking with you? Came forward [120 ] Pet…”
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It happened therefore, the First [137 ] Mystery having heard these words said he: Well (done) Iakkobos, the beloved, But added also in the word the First Mystery, said he to the disciples, It happened, I having brought the Pistis Sophia up…”
Both passages describe a mystical experience of deliverance and enlightenment through divine light, with the individual being freed from darkness and oppression, and gaining confidence and understanding through the light of the divine.
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But added also the First Mystery, said he, But added also the Pistis Sophia in this hymn, said she, I [149 ] shall say, Thou art the Light, that which is high, because thou deliveredst me; and thou broughtest me (close) to thee; and thou ca…”
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He who filled thee with light being purified; and thy beginning will become new as an Invisible of the Height. These words the Pistis having hymned (with) them, because she was delivered, and remembering all the things which I gave to her:…”
Both passages describe a mystical experience involving divine light and transformation. They share themes of spiritual elevation, divine intervention, and the revelation of hidden knowledge, though they come from different religious traditions.
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But answered the First Mystery, said he to Martha, I command to thee Martha for to utter the 88 explanation of the words, these which said the Sophia in her hymn. But answered Martha said she, My Lord, these are the words which thy power o…”
Both passages describe a mystical journey and redemption, with a focus on divine light and the transformation of the soul. They share themes of divine intervention, spiritual ascent, and the ultimate union with the divine, though they come from different religious traditions.
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I shall manifest to thee, O Light, because thou deliveredst me, and (for) thy wonders in the race of [166 ] the mankind, I having become deficient of my power, thou gavest power to me, and I having become deficient of my light, thou filleds…”
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It happened therefore, Jesus having finished saying these words unto his disciples, sprang up Maria the Magdalene, said she, My Lord, be not angry with me, seeking (from) thee, because that we are seeking after every thing in an exactness.…”
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Answered Jesus, said he to Maria in the midst of the disciples, Amen, amen I say to you, The second Helper is distant from the first Helper in a great distance immeasurable in reference to the height above and beneath, in reference to the d…”
Both passages discuss the concept of spiritual hierarchy and the destination of souls based on their spiritual attainment. They also emphasize the importance of divine mysteries and the limitations of human understanding.
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It happened therefore, the disciples having heard these words which said Jesus, they drew back and they were silent altogether. Came forward Maria the Magdalene, she prostrated at the feet of Jesus, she worshipped unto them, she cried out,…”
Both passages discuss the revelation of divine mysteries and the challenge of understanding them. They also touch on the theme of renunciation and the difficulty of conveying spiritual insights to others.
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Amen I say unto you, That man whenever he should come out of the body, they are not wont to judge him in any Place of the Rulers, nor will they be able to punish him in any Place, 120 nor the fire will touch him through the great mystery of…”
Both passages discuss the journey of the soul after death and the role of divine mysteries or visions in determining the soul's fate. They share themes of purification, divine intervention, and the ultimate destination of the soul, though they come from different mystical traditions.
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Answered also the Saviour, said he to Iohannes, Not only forgive to him as far as seven times, but Amen I say to you, Forgive him as far as seven times of a multitude of times: and give to him every time the mysteries from the beginning, th…”
Both passages emphasize the importance of forgiveness and spiritual guidance in saving souls. They share a common theme of compassion and the potential for redemption, though they come from different mystical traditions.
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But answered the Saviour, said he to Iohannes in the midst of the disciples, [248 ] Whenever ye know in an exactness that that man renounced all the World with all its cares with all its life (politeia, MS ) with all its sins, and ye know i…”
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He who taketh up a mystery and completeth it, afterwards therefore whenever he should ask any (every) thing, poverty and riches, weakness and strength, disease and sound body, with every healing of the body, and with the raising of the dead…”
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Answered Maria, said she, My Lord, then every man who will receive the mystery of the Ineffable, and they transgress, they cease from their faith, and also after these yet living, they turned, they repented, will they forgive to them [277 ]…”
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Added also Maria, said she, 155 My Lord, then every man who received the mysteries of the First Mystery with the mysteries of the Ineffable, these having not transgressed, but their faith in the mysteries (is) in a directness without hypocr…”
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Added also Maria, said she to the Saviour, My Lord, then a man who received mystery, and did not that which is worthy of the mysteries, but turned (away), he did sin: after these (things) also he repented and he became in a great repentance…”
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These therefore having said them the Saviour, sprang up forward Maria, said she, My Lord, there is ear of my Light-dweller, and I understood all the word which thou saidst: concerning this word therefore which thou saidst unto us once in a…”
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Answered the Saviour, said he to Maria, Whenever the light of the sun is out, it is wont to cover with darkness the dragon: but if the sun should be down from the World, is wont the darkness to remain as curtain for the sun; and is wont the…”
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Now therefore say unto them, If ye knew the face of the heaven with the earth out of the winds, Whenever some therefore now should come up (close) to you and preach to you a Godhead, and ye know in an exactness that their words agreed and s…”
Both passages discuss the revelation of divine mysteries and the role of a spiritual guide in conveying these truths. They also emphasize the importance of faith and the difficulty of attaining spiritual knowledge, though they come from different religious traditions.
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A PART OF THE BOOKS OF THE SAVIOUR [318 ] It happened therefore, they having crucified our Lord Jesus, He rose out of those who are dead on his third day, gathered unto him his disciples, they prayed him, saying, Our Lord be compassionate t…”
Both passages describe mystical experiences and visions involving divine revelation and the transcendence of earthly realms. They share themes of spiritual ascension, divine communication, and the transformation of the soul, though they are rooted in different religious traditions.
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JOHN AND THE BAPTISM OF JESUS (§ 30). Yahyā proclaims in the nights, Yōhānā on the Night's evenings. YAHYĀ proclaims in the nights.—Glory rises over the worlds. Who told Yeshu (Eshu)? Who told Yeshu Messiah, son of Miryam, who told Yeshu…”
Both passages involve a dialogue between a spiritual teacher (Yahyā/John the Baptizer and the Prophet Muhammad) and a disciple (Yeshu/Messiah and Zaid) regarding spiritual insight and the nature of divine truth. They share themes of spiritual transformation, the revelation of divine secrets, and the importance of faith and understanding.
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And at last he will be able to see the sun, and not mere reflections of him in the water, but he will see him as he is in his own proper place, and not in another, and he will contemplate his nature. Certainly. And after this he will reas…”
Both passages discuss the theme of enlightenment and the difficulty of returning to a state of ignorance after gaining higher knowledge. They also emphasize the transformative experience of seeing the divine light and the struggle to communicate this experience to those who have not had a similar revelation.