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The Egyptian Book of the Dead (Papyrus of Ani) · 217 of 357 · tr. E.A. Wallis Budge

Chapter 36 (part 4)

Verily, Sut spake unto me (17) the things which concern himself, and I said, I Let the thought of the trial of the balance by thee be even within our hearts.'" The majesty of the god Anubis saith: (18) "Dost thou know the name of this door to declare it unto me?" Osiris, the scribe Ani, triumphant, (19) triumphant in peace, saith: "'Driven away of Shu' is the name of this (20) door." Saith the majesty of the god Anubis: (21) "Dost thou know the name of the upper (22) leaf and of the lower leaf thereof?" [Osiris, the scribe Ani, triumphant in peace saith]:"' Lord of right and truth, [standing] (23) upon his 'two feet' is the name of the upper (24) leaf, and 'Lord of might and power, dispenser of (25) cattle' [is the name of the lower leaf]." [The majesty of the god Anubis saith]: "Pass thou, for thou knowest [the names] (26), O Osiris, the scribe, teller (27) of the divine offerings of all the gods of Thebes, Ani, triumphant, lord to be revered." Appendix: The usual introduction to the CXXVth Chapter reads (see Naville, Todtenbuch , Bd. I., Bl. 133) as follows:-- I. (1) THE FOLLOWING SHALL BE SAID BY A MAN WHEN HE COMETH UNTO THE HALL OF DOUBLE RIGHT AND TRUTH, WHEREIN HE IS PURGED (2) OF ALL THE SINS WHICH HE HATH DONE, AND WHEREIN HE SEETH THE FACES OF ALL THE GODS: Hail to thee, great god, the lord of Right and Truth! I have come unto thee, O my lord, (3) and I have drawn nigh that I may look upon thy beauties. I know thee, and I know the names of the forty-two gods who dwell with thee in this (4) Hall of Double Right and Truth, and that they may set the sinners in the gives, who live and who feed upon their blood on the day (5) when the natures of men are accounted before Un-neferu. In very truth 'Rekhti-merti-f-ent-Maat' is thy name. Verily (6) I have come unto thee, and I bring before thee Right and Truth. For thy sake I have rejected wickedness. I have done no hurt unto man, nor have I wrought harm unto beasts. I have committed no crime (7) in the place of Right and Truth. I have had no knowledge of evil; nor have I acted (8) wickedly. Each day have I laboured more than was required of me. (9) My name hath not come forth to the boat of the Prince. I have not despised God. (10) I have not caused misery; nor have I worked affliction. I have done not (11) that which God doth abominate. I have caused no wrong to be done to the servant by his master. I have (12) caused none to feel pain. I have made [no man] to weep. (13) I have not committed murder; nor have I ever bidden any man "to slay on my behalf. I have not wronged the people. I have not filched that which hath been offered in (14) the temples; nor have I purloined the cakes of the gods. I have not carried away the (15) offerings made unto the blessed dead. I have not committed fornication, nor have I defiled my body.
Themes
Cosmic Dualismtheology

Ontological opposition between two primal principles (light/darkness, truth/lie, spirit/matter) as the fundamental structure of reality.

The 'Hall of Double Right and Truth' implies a fundamental structure based on the opposition of truth and falsehood.

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Prayerpraxis

Direct address to the divine, whether petitionary, contemplative, or liturgical; speech and silence offered upward.

The text includes a 'Hymn of Praise to Osiris' and Ani raises hands in adoration.

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Theosis Deificationsoteriology

The doctrine — central to Eastern Orthodox and Maximian theology — that the human person is progressively transformed into a partaker of the divine nature by grace, not merely justified or united in passing ecstasy.

The deceased transforms into a partaker of the divine nature by identifying as Osiris and wearing his apparel.

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Theurgypraxis

Iamblichean ritual practice that engages the gods directly through consecrated material symbols and actions, on the premise that divine power descends into properly prepared matter — distinct from philosophical contemplation alone.

Ani uses offerings, incense, and specific knowledge of paths to engage the gods and secure his passage.

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Anthropomorphismtheology

Attributing human characteristics, emotions, or form to the divine; embodied divine imagery.

[auto] Deities like Osiris and Anubis are described with human attributes such as hands, speech, and smell.

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Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

[auto] The text emphasizes entering places of 'secret and hidden things' where the divine is concealed.

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Funerary Navigationpraxis

Texts and rituals guiding the soul through death.

[auto] The text is explicitly from the Book of the Dead and details the deceased's journey through the afterlife halls.

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Hidden Sayingssoteriology

Esoteric teachings reserved for those ready to receive them; outer meaning conceals an inner liberating truth.

[auto] The text references entering the 'place of secret and hidden things' and seeing what is concealed.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

[auto] Osiris is depicted as an active, responsive presence who receives offerings and interacts with the deceased.

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Maat Cosmic Ordercosmology

The Egyptian principle of truth, balance, and right order underlying both the cosmos and human conduct; the parallel to Zoroastrian asha and Greek dike.

[auto] The passage centers on entering the 'Hall of Double Right and Truth,' directly invoking the Egyptian principle of Maat.

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Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

[auto] Ani declares 'I am Osiris,' indicating a merging of identity with the deity.

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Psychopomp Journeycosmology

Guided passage of the soul through afterlife realms.

[auto] Anubis speaks to Ani and confirms his knowledge of the paths, guiding him through the afterlife realms.

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Sacred Namestheology

Divine names or formulas that carry ontological power, used in prayer, liturgy, or magical practice.

[auto] Ani raises his hands in adoration of the name 'Right and Truth,' attributing power to divine nomenclature.

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Self Knowledgesoteriology

The recognition of one's own true divine nature as the primary path to liberation; 'know thyself' as soteriology.

[auto] Ani's declaration 'I am Osiris' reflects the recognition of his true divine nature as essential for salvation.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

[auto] The passage describes Ani entering the Hall and House of Osiris, representing a journey upward into the divine realm.

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Related passages · 8 parallels
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document SECONDn
That is the word which said the Pistis Sophia, And thou struckest the serpent, he of the seven heads through my hands. And thou settest me up upon his matter, thou destroyedst him that his seed should not rise up from this hour. And the w…”
Both passages describe a divine interaction where a deity or higher power aids a figure in overcoming darkness or chaos. They share themes of redemption, purification, and the restoration of light, though they come from different mystical traditions.
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document SECOND‘
Now therefore whenever I should finish distributing to you the Distribution of the Universe, I shall give to you and I shall say unto you the great mysteries of the three lots of my kingdom, namely, the heads of the mysteries which I shall…”
Both passages deal with the concept of purification and the journey through divine realms or trials. In Passage A, the Saviour explains the purification of spiritual beings from the Confusion, while in Passage B, the deceased must pass through the Hall of Double Right and Truth, declaring their innocence and knowledge of divine names to be purified and accepted into the afterlife.
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document THIRDŠ
Because of this therefore of this kind, I brought the keys of the mysteries [313 ] unto the World, that I should unloose the sinners, these who will believe me, and who will hearken to me, that I should unloose them from the bonds with the…”
Both passages discuss the themes of purification, redemption, and the journey towards divine light or righteousness. They share a common focus on the need for individuals to seek and adhere to divine truths to achieve salvation or entry into the divine realm.
greek_mystery|Orphic Hymns|Hymn XVII. PLUTO
XVII. TO PLUTO. PLUTO, magnanimous, whose realms profound Are fix'd beneath the firm and solid ground, In the Tartarian plains remote from fight, And wrapt forever in the depths of night; Terrestrial Jove, thy sacred ear incline, 5 5 And, p…”
Both passages deal with the concept of an underworld and the deities associated with it. Passage A describes Pluto, the ruler of the underworld in Greek mythology, while Passage B describes the Egyptian underworld and the deity Anubis. Both passages involve the idea of judgment and the afterlife, with Pluto determining the fate of the dead and Anubis overseeing the weighing of the heart in the Hall of Double Right and Truth.
jewish_mysticism|The Book of Enoch (1 Enoch, Charles translation)|Chapter LXII
LXII. Judgement of the Kings and the Mighty: Blessedness of the Righteous . CHAPTER LXII. 1. And thus the Lord commanded the kings and the mighty and the exalted, and those who dwell on the earth, and said: 'Open your eyes and lift up your…”
Both passages describe a judgment scene where the righteous are vindicated and the unrighteous are punished. They share themes of divine justice, the revelation of hidden truths, and the ultimate triumph of the righteous.
jewish_mysticism|The Book of Enoch (1 Enoch, Charles translation)|Chapter LXXXI
LXXXI. The Heavenly Tablets and the Mission of Enoch . CHAPTER LXXXI. 1. And he said unto me: 'Observe, Enoch, these heavenly tablets, And read what is written thereon, And mark every individual fact.' p. 108 2 And I observed the heavenly t…”
Both passages describe a divine judgment scene where the individual's righteousness is assessed. Passage A details the negative confessions in the Egyptian Book of the Dead, while Passage B discusses the recording of human deeds and the final judgment in the Book of Enoch. Both emphasize moral accountability and the importance of righteous living.
jewish_mysticism|The Book of Enoch (1 Enoch, Charles translation)|Chapter LXXXIV
CHAPTER LXXXIV. 1. And I lifted up my hands in righteousness and blessed the Holy and Great One, and spake with the breath of my mouth, and with the p. 113 tongue of flesh, which God has made for the children of the flesh of men, that they…”
Both passages involve a dialogue with divine figures and emphasize moral purity and righteousness. The Egyptian Book of the Dead focuses on the deceased's declaration of innocence before the gods, while the passage from the Book of Enoch involves a plea for mercy and the establishment of righteousness. Both texts share a concern with divine judgment and the importance of moral conduct.
norse|The Poetic Edda: Hovamol|Section 1n
Knowest how one shall write, | knowest how one shall rede? Knowest how one shall tint, | knowest how one makes trial? Knowest how one shall ask, | knowest how one shall offer? Knowest how one shall send, | knowest how one shall sacrifice…”
Both passages deal with the knowledge of sacred names or formulas and their power to protect or aid the individual. The Poetic Edda passage discusses the knowledge of runes and charms for various purposes, while the Egyptian Book of the Dead passage focuses on the knowledge of divine names and declarations of innocence to pass judgment in the afterlife. Both highlight the importance of esoteric knowledge in their respective traditions.