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The Masnavi, Book I (Rumi) · 36 of 37 · tr. E.H. Whinfield

STORY XVIb

That conqueror of hearts cut off a thousand heads, That the heads of his people might rest in peace." God's rebuke to Adam for scorning Iblis. To whomsoever God's order comes, He must smite with his sword even his own child. Fear then, and revile not the wicked, For the wicked are impotent under God's commands. In presence of God's commands bow down the neck of pride. Scoff not nor chide even them that go astray! One day Adam cast a look of contempt and scorn Upon Iblis, thinking what a wretch he was. He felt self-important and proud of himself, And he smiled at the actions of cursed Iblis. God Almighty cried out to him, "O pure one, Thou art wholly ignorant of hidden mysteries. If I were to blab the faults of the unfortunate, I should root up the mountains from their bases, And lay bare the secrets of a hundred Adams, And convert a hundred fresh Iblises into Mosalmans." Adam answered, "I repent me of my scornful looks; Such arrogant thoughts shall not be mine again. O Lord, pardon this rashness in Thy slave; I repent; chastise me not for these words!" O Aider of aid-seekers, guide us, For there is no security in knowledge or wealth; "Lead not our hearts astray after Thou hast guided us," 4 And avert the evil that the "Pen" has written. Turn aside from our souls the evil written in our fates, Repel us not from the tables of purity! O God, Thy grace is the proper object of our desire; To couple others with Thee is not proper. Nothing is bitterer than severance from Thee, Without Thy shelter there is naught but perplexity. Our worldly goods rob us of our heavenly goods, Our body rends the garment of our soul. Our hands, as it were, prey on our feet; Without reliance on Thee how can we live? And if the soul escapes these great perils, It is made captive as a victim of misfortunes and fears, Inasmuch as when the soul lacks union with the Beloved, It abides forever blind and darkened by itself. If Thou showest not the way, our life is lost; A life living without Thee esteem as dead! If Thou findest fault with Thy slaves, Verily it is right in Thee, O Blessed One! If Thou shouldst call sun and moon obscure, If Thou shouldst call the straight cypress crooked, If Thou shouldst declare the highest heaven base, Or rich mines and oceans paupers, All this is the truth in relation to Thy perfection! Thine is the dominion and the glory and the wealth! For Thou art exempt from defect and not-being, Thou givest existence to things non-existent, and again Thou makest them non-existent. *NOTES: 1. i,e., why is the rule "an eye for an eye" enjoined in the Koran, ii. 173? 2. Koran ii, 100. 3. Alluding to the "water of life" in the land of darkness discovered by Khizr. 4. Koran iii. 6. Epilogue to Book I. Alas! the forbidden fruits were eaten, And thereby the warm life of reason was congealed. A grain of wheat eclipsed the sun Of Adam, l Like as the Dragon's tail 2 dulls the brightness of the moon. Behold how delicate is the heart, that a morsel of dust Clouded its moon with foul obscurity! When bread is "substance," to eat it nourishes us; When 'tis empty "form," it profits nothing.
Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

God's perfection is described as transcending human categories, where even calling the sun obscure would be truth relative to Him.

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Body As Obstacleanthropology

The material body viewed as a prison, tomb, or source of error that hinders spiritual knowledge and return.

The text states that the body rends the garment of the soul and worldly goods rob heavenly goods.

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Divine Providencetheology

Pronoia — the doctrine that the divine actively orders the unfolding of the cosmos and human affairs toward intelligible ends, against pure chance or blind necessity.

The passage references God's order, the Pen that writes fate, and the impotence of the wicked under divine commands.

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Hidden Sayingssoteriology

Esoteric teachings reserved for those ready to receive them; outer meaning conceals an inner liberating truth.

God rebukes Adam for being ignorant of hidden mysteries that only the Divine knows.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

God is depicted as actively speaking, commanding, pardoning, and responding to human supplication.

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Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

The text describes the soul's blindness when lacking union with the Beloved and the desire for divine shelter.

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Paradox As Teachingethics

Using apparent contradiction, reversal, or riddle to destabilise ordinary understanding and induce insight.

The text uses paradoxical statements about God's power to redefine truth (e.g., calling the sun obscure) to illustrate divine sovereignty.

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Renunciation Of Wealthethics

The spiritual danger of attachment to material possessions; wealth as a spiritual obstacle.

Worldly goods are explicitly identified as robbing the soul of heavenly goods and causing peril.

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Return To Sourcesoteriology

The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.

The prayer asks for guidance back to purity and protection from being led astray after having been guided.

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Self Knowledgesoteriology

The recognition of one's own true divine nature as the primary path to liberation; 'know thyself' as soteriology.

Adam's repentance involves recognizing his own arrogance and ignorance regarding his spiritual state.

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Prayerpraxis

Direct address to the divine, whether petitionary, contemplative, or liturgical; speech and silence offered upward.

[auto] The latter half of the text consists of direct supplication to God for guidance, protection, and grace.

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Separation From Sourcesoteriology

The felt condition of exile from one's divine origin — Rumi's reed flute torn from its bed, Plotinus's 'we have forgotten,' the Gnostic forgetfulness; the affective wound that complements return_to_source and gives the return its motive.

[auto] The passage explicitly states that severance from God is the bitterest thing and life without Him is dead.

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Related passages · 6 parallels
gnosticism|Pistis Sophia|Document FIRST†
Let them not rejoice at me, those who are enemies unto me in violence, those who hate me without a cause, and they are winking with their eyes. Because I indeed, they are wont to speak with me in words of peace, and they are [87 ] wont to…”
Both passages explore themes of divine judgment, repentance, and the limitations of human understanding in the face of divine mysteries. They emphasize the importance of humility and the acceptance of divine will, though they come from different mystical traditions.
greek_mystery|Orphic Hymns|Hymn LXI. JUSTICE
LXI. TO JUSTICE. The FUMIGATION from FRANKINCENSE. THE piercing eye of Justice bright, I sing, 1 Plac'd by the throne of heav'n's almighty king, p. 194 Perceiving thence, with vision unconfin'd, The life and conduct of the human kind To the…”
Both passages emphasize the importance of justice and divine punishment for wrongdoing. The Orphic Hymn focuses on the role of Justice in chastising evil deeds, while the Sufi story highlights God's command to punish and the importance of humility and repentance.
greek_mystery|Orphic Hymns|Hymn LXIX. THE FURIES
LXIX. TO THE FURIES. The FUMIGATION from AROMATICS. HEAR me, illustrious Furies, mighty nam'd, Terrific pow'rs, for prudent counsel fam'd; Holy and pure, from Jove terrestrial born And Proserpine, whom lovely locks adorn: Whose piercing sig…”
Both passages deal with the theme of divine justice and punishment for wrongdoing. The Orphic Hymn invokes the Furies, who punish impious deeds, while the Sufi passage discusses God's command to smite wrongdoers and the consequences of disobeying divine will.
platonism|Plato: Phaedo|Section 1‰
Those again who have committed crimes, which, although great, are not unpardonable-who in a moment of anger, for example, have done violence to a father or mother, and have repented for the remainder of their lives, or who have taken the li…”
Both passages explore themes of moral accountability, divine justice, and the consequences of one's actions. They emphasize the importance of virtue and the purification of the soul, though they do so within different cultural and religious contexts.
renaissance_hermeticism|The Heroic Enthusiasts, Part I (Gli Eroici Furori)|Third Dialogueg
Such over-boldness rarely grief escapes." "Fear not the utmost ruin then," I said, "Cleave confident the clouds and die content, That heaven has destined thee to such illustrious death." Cic . I understand when you say: "Enough that thou h…”
Both passages explore the theme of the soul's journey and its relationship with the body and the divine. They discuss the need for the soul to rise above the material world and unite with the divine, though they do so within different cultural and philosophical contexts.
renaissance_hermeticism|The Heroic Enthusiasts, Part II (Gli Eroici Furori)|First Dialogues
Weary and hoarse I yield me, impotent, And seek no more to elude my destiny, Or make endeavour to escape my death: Let every other life to me be null, And let not the extremest torment fail, Which my hard fate for me prescribed. Type of my…”
Both passages explore the theme of human struggle and the limitations of human understanding in the face of divine or overwhelming forces. They both delve into the concept of human imperfection and the fear of the unknown or divine, highlighting the helplessness and confusion that arise from such encounters.