← Home
Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names · 1 of 12 · tr. C.E. Rolt

Chapter 5, Section 1a

131 CHAPTER V Concerning ” Existence “ and also concerning ” Exemplars .” I. Now must we proceed to the Name of “Being” which is truly applied by the Divine Science to Him that truly Is. But this much we must say, that it is not the purpose of our discourse to reveal the Super-Essential Being in its Super-Essential Nature 364 364 The ultimate Godhead is reached only by the Negative Path, and known only by Unknowing. The Affirmative Path of philosophical knowledge leads only to the differentiated manifestations of the Godhead: e.g. the Trinity, in Its creative and redemptive activities, is known by the Affirmative Method, but behind these activities and the faculty for them lies an ultimate Mystery where the Persons transcend Themselves and are fused (though not confused). (for this is unutterable, nor can we know It, or in anywise express It, and It is beyond even the Unity 365 365 In spiritual Communion, the mind, being joined with God, distinguishes itself from Him as Self from Not-Self, Subject from Object. And this law was fulfilled even in the Human Soul of Christ, Who distinguished Himself from His Father. The Persons of the Trinity, though they lie deeper than this temporal world (being, in Their eternal emanative Desire, the Ground of its existence), were manifested through the Incarnation. Hence the distinction of Father, Son, and Spirit, revealed in the Human Soul of Christ, exists eternally in the Trinity. And those who reach the Unitive State, since they reach it only through the Spirit of Christ and are one spirit with Him, must in a lesser degree reveal the Personal Differentiations of the Trinity in their lives. But because the eternal Differentiations of the Trinity transcend Themselves in-the Super-Essence, therefore Their manifestations in the Unitive State lead finally to a point beyond Union where all distinctions are transcended. At that point the distinction between Self and Not-Self, Subject and Object, vanishes in the unknowable Mystery of the Divine Darkness. The Self has disappeared and been, in a sense, merged. But in another sense the Self remains. This is the paradox of Personality—that it seeks (and attains) annihilation in the Supra-personal plane, and yet on the relative plane retains its own particular being. This is the paradox of Love. See Intr., p. 28 f., and p.8. ), but only to celebrate the Emanation of the Absolute Divine Essence into the universe of things. For the Name of “Good” revealing all the emanations of the universal Cause, extends both to the things which 132 are, and to the things which are not, and is beyond both categories. 366 366 i. e. Extends both to good things and to bad things and is beyond the opposition between good and bad. The Good extends to bad things because evil is a mere distortion of good, and no evil thing could exist but for an element of good holding it together: its existence, qua existence, is good. See ch. iv. The Good is beyond the opposition between good and evil because on the ultimate plane nothing exists outside It. It is beyond relationships. Hence also beyond Existence, Life, and Wisdom, since these (as we know them) imply relationships. And the title of “Existent” extends to all existent things and is beyond them. And the title “Life” extends to all living things and is beyond them. And the title of “Wisdom” extends to the whole realm of Intuition, Reason, and Sense-Perception, and is beyond them a11.
Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

The text explicitly states that the Super-Essential Being is unutterable, nor can we know It or express It.

All passages →
Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

The text emphasizes that the Super-Essential Being is beyond even Unity and cannot be known or expressed.

All passages →
Emanation Hierarchycosmology

A chain of divine beings or principles flowing downward from a single transcendent source (the One or the Father), each level less perfect than the one above.

The passage describes the 'Emanation of the Absolute Divine Essence into the universe of things' as the purpose of the Name of 'Being'.

All passages →
Evil As Privationtheology

Augustinian and Plotinian doctrine that evil has no positive being of its own but is a lack, distortion, or absence of the good — denying ontological dualism while preserving moral seriousness.

The text argues that evil is a distortion of good and no evil thing could exist but for an element of good holding it together.

All passages →
Fana Annihilationsoteriology

Sufi self-effacement in God — the via by which the lover is unmade as a separate ego and recovered as God's act; specifies the practice/event rather than mystical_union's resulting state.

The passage describes the Self disappearing and being merged in the unknowable Mystery of the Divine Darkness.

All passages →
Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

The text distinguishes between philosophical knowledge (Affirmative Path) and the ultimate knowing of the Super-Essential Being through Unknowing.

All passages →
Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

The passage describes a state where distinctions are transcended and the Self is merged with the Divine.

All passages →
Paradox As Teachingethics

Using apparent contradiction, reversal, or riddle to destabilise ordinary understanding and induce insight.

The text presents the paradox of Personality—that it seeks annihilation in the Supra-personal plane yet retains its own particular being.

All passages →
Return To Sourcesoteriology

The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.

The text describes a journey where distinctions are transcended and the Self is merged with the Divine.

All passages →
Sacred Namestheology

Divine names or formulas that carry ontological power, used in prayer, liturgy, or magical practice.

The passage explicitly discusses the 'Name of 'Being' which is truly applied by the Divine Science to Him that truly Is.

All passages →
Separation From Sourcesoteriology

The felt condition of exile from one's divine origin — Rumi's reed flute torn from its bed, Plotinus's 'we have forgotten,' the Gnostic forgetfulness; the affective wound that complements return_to_source and gives the return its motive.

The text notes that in spiritual Communion, the mind distinguishes itself from God as Self from Not-Self.

All passages →
Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

The passage outlines a path of knowledge that leads from philosophical understanding to the ultimate Mystery.

All passages →
Related passages · 6 parallels
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 136
Section 14 14. But is Absence this privation itself, or something in which this Privation is lodged? Anyone maintaining that Matter and Privation are one and the same in substratum but stand separable in reason cannot be excused from assign…”
Both passages explore the nature of existence and non-existence, or being and privation, through a philosophical and mystical lens. They delve into the concepts of substance, form, and the ultimate reality beyond differentiation, showing a genuine conceptual parallel across different mystical traditions.
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 201
Section 14 14. The ordinance of the Kosmos, then, is in keeping with the Intellectual Principle. True, no reasoning went to its creation, but it so stands that the keenest reasoning must wonder- since no reasoning could be able to make it o…”
Both passages explore the relationship between the divine and the manifest world, emphasizing the limitations of human understanding and the inherent goodness and perfection of the divine. They also discuss the hierarchy and unity within creation, though from different theological perspectives.
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 333
Section 13 13. But what is the difference between the Wisdom thus conducting the universe and the principle known as Nature? This Wisdom is a first [within the All-Soul] while Nature is a last: for Nature is an image of that Wisdom, and, as…”
Both passages discuss the relationship between higher principles (Wisdom/Intellectual-Principle in Plotinus, Super-Essential Being in Dionysius) and lower manifestations (Nature in Plotinus, emanations in Dionysius). They explore the hierarchical structure of reality and the nature of divine principles.
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 446
Section 14 14. How, then, do we ourselves come to be speaking of it? No doubt we deal with it, but we do not state it; we have neither knowledge nor intellection of it. But in what sense do we even deal with it when we have no hold upon it?…”
Both passages discuss the ineffable nature of the divine and the limitations of human understanding in describing it. They emphasize that the divine is beyond human comprehension and can only be approached through negation or indirect means.
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 635
Section 15 15. We must repeat: The Collective Being, the Authentic, There, is at once Being and Intellectual-Principle and the Complete Living Form; thus it includes the total of living things; the Unity There is reproduced by the unity of…”
Both passages discuss the nature of the divine and its relationship to existence and multiplicity. They explore the idea of a transcendent unity that manifests in the diversity of the universe, using concepts like 'Super-Essential Being' and 'Collective Being' respectively.
neoplatonism|Select Works of Plotinus|Select Works, Section 694
Section 12 12. Yet, is not God what He is? Can He, then, be master of being what He is or master to stand above Being? The mind utterly reluctant returns to its doubt: some further considerations, therefore, must be offered: In us the indiv…”
Both passages explore the nature of the divine and its relationship to being and existence. They discuss the transcendence of the divine beyond mere being and the limitations of human understanding in grasping the ultimate reality.
Chapter 5, Section 1a — Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names — Guru