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The Poetic Edda: Hovamol · 4 of 16 · tr. Henry Adams Bellows

Section 1d

Forth shall one go, | nor stay as a guest In a single spot forever; p. 36 Love becomes loathing | if long one sits By the hearth in another's home. 36. Better a house, | though a hut it be, A man is master at home; A pair of goats | and a patched-up roof Are better far than begging. 37. Better a house, | though a hut it be, A man is master at home; His heart is bleeding | who needs must beg When food he fain would have. 38. Away from his arms | in the open field A man should fare not a foot; For never he knows | when the need for a spear Shall arise on the distant road. 39. If wealth a man | has won for himself, Let him never suffer in need; Oft he saves for a foe | what he plans for a friend, For much goes worse than we wish. 40. None so free with gifts | or food have I found That gladly he took not a gift, [36. The manuscript has "little" in place of "a hut" in line I, but this involves an error in the initial-rhymes, and the emendation has been generally accepted. 37. Lines I and 2 are abbreviated in the manuscript, but are doubtless identical with the first two lines of stanza 56. 39. In the manuscript this stanza follows stanza 40.] p. 37 Nor one who so widely | scattered his wealth That of recompense hatred he had. 41. Friends shall gladden each other | with arms and garments, As each for himself can see; Gift-givers' friendships | are longest found, If fair their fates may be. 42. To his friend a man | a friend shall prove, And gifts with gifts requite; But men shall mocking | with mockery answer, And fraud with falsehood meet. 43. To his friend a man | a friend shall prove, To him and the friend of his friend; But never a man | shall friendship make With one of his foeman's friends. 44. If a friend thou hast | whom thou fully wilt trust, And good from him wouldst get, Thy thoughts with his mingle, | and gifts shalt thou make, And fare to find him oft. [40. The key-word in line 3 is missing in the manuscript, but editors have agreed in inserting a word meaning "generous." 41. In line 3 the manuscript adds "givers again" to "gift-givers."] p. 38 45. If another thou hast | whom thou hardly wilt trust, Yet good from him wouldst get, Thou shalt speak him fair, | but falsely think, And fraud with falsehood requite. 46. So is it with him | whom thou hardly wilt trust, And whose mind thou mayst not know; Laugh with him mayst thou, | but speak not thy mind, Like gifts to his shalt thou give. 47. Young was I once, | and wandered alone, And nought of the road I knew; Rich did I feel | when a comrade I found, For man is man's delight. 48. The lives of the brave | and noble are best, Sorrows they seldom feed; But the coward fear | of all things feels, And not gladly the niggard gives. 49. My garments once | in a field I gave To a pair of carven poles; Heroes they seemed | when clothes they had, But the naked man is nought. 50. On the hillside drear | the fir-tree dies, All bootless its needles and bark; It is like a man | whom no one loves,-- Why should his life be long? p. 39 51.
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Themes
Love Of Neighbourethics

Active compassionate care for others as a central spiritual obligation or expression of divine love.

Stanzas 41-44 emphasize active care and reciprocity between friends ('gladden each other', 'gifts with gifts requite'), reflecting a central ethical obligation to others.

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