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Select Works of Plotinus · 193 of 752 · tr. Thomas Taylor

Select Works, Section 198

Section 11 11. Are we, then, to conclude that particular things are determined by Necessities rooted in Nature and by the sequence of causes, and that everything is as good as anything can be? No: the Reason-Principle is the sovereign, making all: it wills things as they are and, in its reasonable act, it produces even what we know as evil: it cannot desire all to be good: an artist would not make an animal all eyes; and in the same way, the Reason-Principle would not make all divine; it makes Gods but also celestial spirits, the intermediate order, then men, then the animals; all is graded succession, and this in no spirit of grudging but in the expression of a Reason teeming with intellectual variety. We are like people ignorant of painting who complain that the colours are not beautiful everywhere in the picture: but the Artist has laid on the appropriate tint to every spot. Or we are censuring a drama because the persons are not all heroes but include a servant and a rustic and some scurrilous clown; yet take away the low characters and the power of the drama is gone; these are part and parcel of it.
Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

The text defines Providence by what it is not, stating it 'cannot be a something reducing us to nothingness'.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

It states that man is ever being led upwards by the Divine devices to increase moral value.

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Anthropomorphismtheology

Attributing human characteristics, emotions, or form to the divine; embodied divine imagery.

[auto] The passage explicitly rejects the idea that gods should lay aside divine life to direct daily concerns, critiquing human-like divine intervention.

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Divine Providencetheology

Pronoia — the doctrine that the divine actively orders the unfolding of the cosmos and human affairs toward intelligible ends, against pure chance or blind necessity.

[auto] The passage explicitly defines the nature and function of Providence as preserving human nature without reducing it to nothingness.

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Emanation Hierarchycosmology

A chain of divine beings or principles flowing downward from a single transcendent source (the One or the Father), each level less perfect than the one above.

[auto] The passage describes the Divine reaching forth to something other, implying a hierarchical flow from the transcendent source to the created universe.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

[auto] Providence is depicted as active and dynamic, having 'reached forth' to preside over the universe rather than remaining static.

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Logoscosmology

The divine reason, word, or ordering principle through which the universe was created; mediates between the transcendent God and the material world.

[auto] The text refers to a 'providential law' that presides over human nature and dictates moral outcomes, functioning as an ordering principle.

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Related passages · 9 parallels
christian_mysticism|Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names|Chapter 4, Section 1k
and all things are moved by a longing for the Beautiful and Good, to accomplish every outward work and form every act of will. And true reasoning will also dare to affirm that even the Creator of all things Himself yearneth after all thing…”
Both passages discuss the nature of divine creation and the role of a higher principle (Reason-Principle in Plotinus, Divine Yearning in the second passage) in shaping the universe. They both emphasize the necessity and goodness of diversity and imperfection within the created order.
christian_mysticism|Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names|Chapter 4, Section 1v
cannot be free from pain, nor without a feeling of ill, since there would be something causing Him trouble, yea, all things must in that case be in a state of disorder and perpetual strife; whereas the Good imparts a principle of harmony to…”
Both passages discuss the nature of good and evil in relation to a higher principle or divine entity. They explore how evil is not a primary or inherent aspect of the divine but rather a secondary or necessary part of the overall order.
christian_mysticism|Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names|Chapter 4, Section 1{
127 There remains but one alternative: Evil is a weakness and deficiency of Good. 31. Good things have all one cause. If evil is opposed to the Good, then hath evil many causes. The efficient causes of evil results, however, are not any…”
Both passages discuss the nature of evil in relation to a higher principle (Reason-Principle in Plotinus, Good in the second passage). They both argue that evil is not an independent entity but is related to the higher principle in a graded or deficient manner.
christian_mysticism|The Life and Doctrines of Jacob Boehme|Chapter 4 (part 1)
p. 89 CHAPTER IV. CREATION. Everything we see in nature is manifested truth; only we are not able to recognise it as such, unless the truth is manifest within ourselves. God is the supreme, fundamental, universal, self-existent eternal…”
Both passages discuss the relationship between the divine and the created world, emphasizing that while the divine is the source of all creation, the created world is distinct and not identical to the divine. They both explore the nature of human existence and the role of Providence or divine will in the world.
hermeticism|Corpus Hermeticum 4: The Epistles|Section 1c
It is Itself Its Source, since It may have no other Source. The Oneness then being Source, containeth every number, but is contained by none; engendereth every number, but is engendered by no other one. 11. Now all that is engendered is…”
Both passages discuss the nature of the divine and its relationship to creation. Passage A emphasizes the Oneness as the source of all things, while Passage B discusses the Reason-Principle as the sovereign creator of all things, including both good and evil. Both texts explore the hierarchy and interdependence of creation.
hermeticism|Corpus Hermeticum 5: The Discourse of Hermes to Asclepius|Section 1b
Would that it were possible for thee to get thee wings, and soar into the air, and, poised midway 'tween earth and heaven, behold the earth's solidity, the sea's fluidity (the flowings of its streams), the spaciousness of air, fire's swiftn…”
Both passages discuss the role of a divine creator or Providence in ordering and maintaining the cosmos and human life. They emphasize the necessity of a higher power to bring order and purpose to existence, though they do so within different theological frameworks.
hermeticism|Corpus Hermeticum 11: The Hymn|Section 1c
It must, then, be that such a one as this must be some one who's wholly One. 9. For as the many motions of them [all] are different, and as their bodies are not like, yet has one speed been ordered for them all, it is impossible that ther…”
Both passages discuss the nature of divine providence and its relationship with the world and humanity. They explore the idea of a single, unified divine principle governing all existence, emphasizing the order and purpose inherent in creation.
jewish_mysticism|Sefer Yetzirah (The Book of Formation)|Section 1e
He produced Oin, predominant in Anger, crowned, combined, and formed Capricornus in the world, Tebet in the year, and the liver in man. 11. He produced Tzaddi, predominant in Taste, crowned, combined, and formed Aquarius in the world, Seb…”
Both passages discuss the ordered nature of creation and the role of a higher principle (God or the Reason-Principle) in establishing this order. They also touch on the idea of diversity and hierarchy within creation, though they do so from different cultural and philosophical perspectives.
taoism|Tao Te Ching|Chapter 77
May not the Way (or Tao) of Heaven be compared to the (method of) bending a bow? The (part of the bow) which was high is brought low, and what was low is raised up. (So Heaven) diminishes where there is superabundance, and supplements where…”
Both passages discuss the concept of balance and the role of a higher power or principle (Tao/Providence) in maintaining equilibrium. They emphasize the idea that the divine or natural order works to reduce excess and supplement deficiency, contrasting this with human behavior.