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The Dhammapada · 4 of 5 · tr. F. Max Müller

Chapter I, Section 1d

He suffers when he thinks of the evil he has done; he suffers more when going on the evil path. 18. The virtuous man is happy in this world, and he is happy in the next; he is happy in both. He is happy when he thinks of the good he has done; he is still more happy when going on the good path. 19. The thoughtless man, even if he can recite a large portion (of the law), but is not a doer of it, has no share in the priesthood, but is like a cowherd counting the cows of others. [16. Like klish t a in the preceding verse, vi s uddhi in the present has a technical meaning. One of Buddhaghosa's most famous works is called Visuddhi-magga. See Burnouf, Lotus, p. 844; Beal, Dhammapada, p. 67. 17, 18. 'The evil path and the good path' are technical expressions for the descending and ascending scale of worlds through which all beings have to travel upward or downward, according to their deeds; see Bigandet; Life of Gaudama, p. 5, note 4, and p. 449; Burnouf, Introduction, p. 599; Lotus, p. 865, l. 7; l. 11. Fausböll translates 'heaven and hell,' which comes to the same; cf. vv. 126 , 306 . 19. In taking sahitam in the sense of sa m hitam or sa m hitâ, I follow the commentator who says, Tepi t akassa Buddhava k anass' eta m nâma m , but I cannot find another passage where the Tipi t aka, or any portion of it, is called Sahita. Sa m hita in vv. 100-102 has a different meaning. The fact that some followers of Buddha were allowed to learn short portions only of the sacred writings by heart, and to repeat them, while others had to learn a larger collection, is shown by the story of K akkhupâla, p. 3. of Mahâkâla, p. 26, &c. See Childers, s.v. sahita.] p. 8 20. The follower of the law, even if he can recite only a small portion (of the law), but, having forsaken passion and hatred and foolishness, possesses true knowledge and serenity of mind, he, caring for nothing in this world or that to come, has indeed a share in the priesthood. [20. Sâma ññ a, which I have rendered by 'priesthood,' expresses all that belongs to, or constitutes a real Sama n a or S rama n a, this being the Buddhist name corresponding to the Brâhma n a, or priest, of the orthodox Hindus. Buddha himself is frequently called the Good Sama n a. Fausböll takes the abstract word sâma ññ a as corresponding to the Sanskrit sâmânya, 'community,' but Weber has well shown that it ought to be taken as representing s râma n ya. He might have quoted the Sâma ññ a-phala-sutta, of which Burnouf has given such interesting details in his Lotus, p. 449 seq. Fausböll also, in his notes on v. 332, rightly explains sâma ññ atâ by s râma n yatâ. See Childers, s.v. sâma ññ a. Anupâdiyâno, which I have translated by 'caring for nothing,' has a technical meaning.
Themes
Detachment Gelassenheitpraxis

Eckhart's Abgeschiedenheit/Gelassenheit — radical letting-go of will, image, and grasping that opens the soul to God; distinct from inner_silence (quietness) and from material renunciation, and adjacent to Sufi tark and Buddhist non-grasping as a practice rather than a metaphysical claim.

The passage states that the follower of the law who has forsaken passion and hatred 'caring for nothing' possesses true knowledge and serenity.

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Eschatological Judgmentsoteriology

Final, collective cosmic judgment as an event in which the wicked are sentenced and the cosmos restored; distinct from psychopomp_journey (individual passage at death) and emphasising verdict where Zoroastrian frashokereti emphasises restoration.

The text explicitly mentions happiness in 'this world' and 'the next,' implying a final judgment based on deeds.

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Good Thought Word Deedethics

The Zoroastrian triad of right thought, right speech, and right action as the foundation of ethical life; truth-in-living.

The passage centrally emphasizes that the virtuous man is happy when he thinks of the good he has done and goes on the good path, aligning with the Zoroastrian triad.

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Inner Lightanthropology

The divine spark or luminous quality residing within the human person, potentially recognisable through introspection.

The follower possesses 'true knowledge and serenity of mind' as a result of inner purification.

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Kingdom Withinanthropology

The claim that the divine realm is present inside the individual, accessible without external mediation.

True knowledge and serenity are internal states that grant a share in the priesthood rather than external ritual.

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Meditationpraxis

Disciplined inward attention — sitting, focused, or open-awareness practice — as a stand-alone term that umbrellas active_contemplation, inner_silence, and dhyana-style sitting.

The passage emphasizes the practice of 'thinking' about good deeds as a spiritual discipline.

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Paradox As Teachingethics

Using apparent contradiction, reversal, or riddle to destabilise ordinary understanding and induce insight.

The statement that one can recite scripture without being a doer and still have no share in priesthood uses contradiction to highlight inner transformation.

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Poverty Of Spiritanthropology

Eckhart's radical reading of Matthew 5:3 — the saint as one who wants nothing, knows nothing, and has nothing, having emptied even the will and the self with which to receive God; distinct from renunciation_of_wealth (material poverty).

The follower is described as caring for nothing in this world or that to come, reflecting a radical letting-go of attachment.

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Prayerpraxis

Direct address to the divine, whether petitionary, contemplative, or liturgical; speech and silence offered upward.

The text mentions reciting portions of the law and thinking of good deeds as spiritual practices.

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Psychopomp Journeycosmology

Guided passage of the soul through afterlife realms.

The passage references the 'descending and ascending scale of worlds' through which beings travel upward or downward according to their deeds.

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Ritual Puritypraxis

The maintenance of a state of cleanliness—physical, moral, or spiritual—required for encounter with the divine.

The text mentions the 'priesthood' and the follower's possession of true knowledge as a result of internal purification.

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Self Examinationpraxis

Daily review of thought and action as spiritual practice.

The virtuous man suffers when he thinks of the evil he has done, indicating an inward review of actions.

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Soul Migrationcosmology

The transmigration of the soul across lives.

The text explicitly discusses happiness in 'this world' and 'the next,' implying a transmigration of states based on deeds.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

The text describes the 'ascending scale of worlds' through which beings travel upward according to their deeds.

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Theosis Deificationsoteriology

The doctrine — central to Eastern Orthodox and Maximian theology — that the human person is progressively transformed into a partaker of the divine nature by grace, not merely justified or united in passing ecstasy.

The follower possesses true knowledge and serenity of mind, suggesting a transformation into a partaker of divine qualities.

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Related passages · 1 parallel
greek_mystery|The Golden Verses of Pythagoras|Section 6 (part 1)
p. 18 THE GOLDEN SENTENCES OF DEMOCRATES 1. If anyone will give his mind to these sentences, he will obtain many things worthy of a man, and be free from many things that are base. 2. The perfection of the soul will correct the depravit…”
Both passages emphasize the importance of virtuous conduct and the consequences of one's actions. They highlight the happiness and benefits of following a good path and the suffering associated with evil actions, reflecting a shared moral and ethical insight across different mystical traditions.