The Bhagavad Gita · 1 of 2 · tr. Kashinath Trimbak Telang
Chapter IX, Section 1a
CHAPTER IX.
Now I will speak to you, who are not given to carping, of that most mysterious knowledge, accompanied by experience, by knowing which you will be released from evil.
It is the chief among the sciences, the chief among the mysteries.
It is the best means of sanctification.
It is imperishable, not opposed to the sacred law.
It is to be apprehended directly , and is easy to practise.
O terror of your foes!
those men who have no faith in this holy doctrine, return to the path of this mortal world, without attaining to me.
This whole universe is pervaded by me in an unperceived form.
All entities live in me, but I do not live in them .
Nor yet do all entities live in me.
See my divine power.
Supporting all entities and producing all entities, my self lives not in (those) entities.
As the great and ubiquitous atmosphere always remains in space, know that similarly all entities live in me .
At the expiration of a Kalpa, O son of Kuntî!
all entities enter my nature; and at the beginning of a Kalpa, I again bring them forth.
Taking the control of my own nature , I bring forth again and again this whole collection of entities, without a will of its own , by the power of nature.
But, O Ar g una!
these actions do not fetter me, who remain like one unconcerned, and who am unattached to those actions.
Nature gives birth to movables and immovables through me, the supervisor, and by reason of that , O son of Kuntî!
the universe revolves.
Deluded people of vain hopes, vain acts, vain knowledge , whose minds are disordered, and who are inclined to the delusive nature of Asuras and Râkshasas, not knowing my highest nature as great lord of all entities, disregard me as I have assumed a human body .
But the high-souled ones, O son of P ri thâ!
who are inclined to the godlike nature, knowing me as the inexhaustible source of (all) entities, worship me with minds not (turned) elsewhere.
Constantly glorifying me, and exerting themselves , firm in their vows , and saluting me with reverence, they worship me, being always devoted.
And others again, offering up the sacrifice of knowledge, worship me as one, as distinct, and as all-pervading in numerous forms .
I am the Kratu , I am the Ya g ña, I am the Svadhâ, I the product of the herbs.
I am the sacred verse.
I too am the sacrificial butter, and I the fire, I the offering .
I am the father of this universe, the mother, the creator, the grandsire, the thing to be known, the means of sanctification, the syllable Om , the Rik , Sâman, and Ya g us also; the goal, the sustainer, the lord, the supervisor, the residence , the asylum, the friend, the source, and that in which it merges, the support, the receptacle, and the inexhaustible seed.
I cause heat and I send forth and stop showers.
I am immortality and also death; and I, O Ar g una!
am that which is and that which is not .
Those who know the three (branches of) knowledge, who drink the Soma juice, whose sins are washed away, offer sacrifices and pray to me for a passage into heaven; and reaching the holy world of the lord of gods, they enjoy in the celestial regions the celestial pleasures of the gods.
And having enjoyed that great heavenly world, they enter the mortal world when (their) merit is exhausted .
The path of loving devotion and self-surrender to a personal deity as itself sufficient means of liberation — the Gita's 'to those constantly devoted, I come forward as their deliverer,' Kabir's and the Sant poets' love-religion, the devotional stream that parallels Sufi love-mysticism. Distinct from mystical_union (the resulting state), fana_annihilation (the ego's unmaking at the path's end), ladder_of_love (eros staged toward Beauty), and prayer (the practice of address): bhakti names devotion as the soteriological road itself.
The passage explicitly names devotion as the soteriological path: 'Constantly glorifying me, and exerting themselves, firm in their vows, and saluting me with reverence, they worship me, being always devoted.'
Narratives or doctrines of cosmic origin — how heaven, earth, and the primordial deities first came into being. The Kojiki's deities born alone on the Plain of High Heaven, Voluspo's Ginnungagap, Genesis's tohu wa-bohu, the Timaeus's Demiurge fashioning the Receptacle, the Hesiodic Theogony, the Kalevala's egg-cosmogony, Egyptian Nun-and-Atum. Distinct from emanation_hierarchy (structural-ontological cascade), letters_of_creation (mechanism of creation), and apocatastasis/frashokereti (end-state restoration); cosmogony is temporally-narrative beginning.
The passage narrates the origin of the universe: 'Taking the control of my own nature, I bring forth again and again this whole collection of entities, without a will of its own, by the power of nature.'
Eckhart's Abgeschiedenheit/Gelassenheit — radical letting-go of will, image, and grasping that opens the soul to God; distinct from inner_silence (quietness) and from material renunciation, and adjacent to Sufi tark and Buddhist non-grasping as a practice rather than a metaphysical claim.
The divine is described as remaining 'unconcerned' and 'unattached' to the actions of creation, modeling a state of non-attachment.
The doctrine that the divine is present within all things and the universe itself, pervading creation rather than remaining solely transcendent above it. Distinct from unity_of_being (the general claim that all existence is one substance, agnostic about whether that substance indwells its parts) and from kingdom_within (the divine present specifically IN THE INDIVIDUAL human, accessible without mediation) — divine_immanence is the general pervading-presence claim applied to all of creation, not a human-specific indwelling.
The central metaphysical claim is that the divine pervades all of creation: 'This whole universe is pervaded by me in an unperceived form. All entities live in me' — the divine present within all things.
Pronoia — the doctrine that the divine actively orders the unfolding of the cosmos and human affairs toward intelligible ends, against pure chance or blind necessity.
The passage states that the divine supervisor controls nature to bring forth entities and cause the universe to revolve without being fettered by these actions.
The Hermetic doctrine that a masculine-feminine generative principle operates on every plane of being, not only the biological — present at all times as a structural feature of creation itself. Distinct from divine_marriage (a specific reunification event or symbol) and aeons (paired divine beings arranged in syzygies, not a universal structural claim).
Krishna declares 'I am the father of this universe, the mother, the creator, the grandsire' — the masculine-feminine generative principle operating at the cosmic level as a structural feature of creation.
Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.
The passage explicitly defines the teaching as 'most mysterious knowledge, accompanied by experience' that leads to release from evil, emphasizing direct apprehension over ritual.
Esoteric teachings reserved for those ready to receive them; outer meaning conceals an inner liberating truth.
Krishna addresses Arjuna as one 'not given to carping' and speaks of a 'most mysterious knowledge' reserved for those with faith, implying an esoteric teaching.
The doctrine that the divine or a spiritual principle takes on a specific, bounded material or bodily form — descending from an unconditioned state into individual, corporeal existence — as a discrete act rather than a diffuse pervading presence. The Christian Word made flesh, the Hindu avatara, the Egyptian pharaoh as living Horus, the Vajrayana tulku. Distinct from divine_immanence (the general claim that the divine pervades all of creation diffusely, not a specific embodiment-event) and separation_from_source (the felt exile FROM origin, the opposite motion) in describing a specific, individuated descent INTO a particular body or form.
The passage explicitly references Krishna's taking on a human body: 'not knowing my highest nature as great lord of all entities, disregard me as I have assumed a human body.'
The doctrine that the cosmos unfolds as a structured descent of spirit into matter — a directional process traced stage by stage from an unconditioned principle down through successive planes to full materialization — complemented by its own eventual return ('evolution'). Distinct from emanation_hierarchy (the static structure of the resulting levels of the cascade) and cosmogony (a single originating event rather than an ongoing staged process) in naming the directional cosmic PROCESS of descent itself, paired with its own complementary ascent.
The passage describes a directional descent from the unconditioned Krishna through his nature (Prakriti) to material entities: 'Nature gives birth to movables and immovables through me, the supervisor.'
The absolutely simple, undivided first principle from which all multiplicity and existence flows.
Krishna is presented as the singular, undivided source pervading all existence: 'This whole universe is pervaded by me in an unperceived form' and 'All entities live in me.'
Using apparent contradiction, reversal, or riddle to destabilise ordinary understanding and induce insight.
The passage employs deliberate contradiction: 'All entities live in me, but I do not live in them. Nor yet do all entities live in me' and 'I am immortality and also death; and I am that which is and that which is not.'
The Hermetic doctrine that apparent opposites are identical in nature but differ in degree — two extremes of the same scale (hot/cold, love/hate) — such that one pole can be shifted toward its opposite by a change of degree ('mental transmutation'). Distinct from opposites_transcended (a completion-state marking the path's end, not this doctrine's active technique) and magical_equilibrium (balance held BETWEEN two forces, not identity-by-degree of what looks like two forces).
Krishna explicitly unites opposites: 'I am immortality and also death; and I, O Arjuna, am that which is and that which is not' — apparent contraries held as identical in nature within the one.
The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.
The soteriological goal is attaining Krishna: those without faith 'return to the path of this mortal world, without attaining to me,' while the devoted worship him as the inexhaustible source of all entities.
The Hermetic doctrine of a measured swing or pendulum motion between poles — action and reaction, flow and outflow, rise and fall — operating in mental, physical, and cosmic-historical registers alike. Distinct from apocatastasis (cosmic-scale eschatological restoration after vast cycles) in naming a constant, ever-present oscillation rather than a singular restorative event.
The Kalpa cycle — 'at the expiration of a Kalpa, all entities enter my nature; and at the beginning of a Kalpa, I again bring them forth' — is a cosmic pendulum of dissolution and re-creation.
The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.
Krishna declares that the entire universe is pervaded by him in an unperceived form and that all entities live in him, establishing a non-dualistic ontology.