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Pseudo-Dionysius: The Divine Names · 31 of 39 · tr. C.E. Rolt

Chapter 4, Section 1ae

Intr., p. 5. 259 Here we get once more the Aristotelian classification of causes. The Good is:— (i) Formal Cause (1) immanent in the world (Order— τάξις ); (2) containing the world (Embracing Power— περιοχή ). (ii) Efficient Cause (Cause— αἰτία ). (iii) Final Cause (End— τέλος ). 260 The light permeates water but it does not permeate a stone. It passes over the stone and permeates the water beyond it. 261 ἀρχισυνάγωγος ἐστι τῶν ἐσκεδασμένων. 262 ὡς ἐν παντοκρατορικῷ πυθμένι. 263 (1) Man, (2) Animal, (3) Vegetable, (4) Matter. 264 This seems to imply that matter itself could not exist without the influence of the light. Perhaps this belief rests on Gen. i. 1, 2 . 265 ἥλιος ὅτι πάντα ἀολλῆ ποιεῖ. With the naïf etymology cf. iv. 5. 266 Rom. i. 20 . The sun is not personal or supra-personal. But its impersonal activity is an emblem, as it were, of God’s supra-personal activity. 267 Two worlds: (1) Nature, (2) Grace. God is revealed in both; the former was apparently the subject of the Symbolic Divinity; the latter is that of the present treatise. 268 i.e. Men and different orders of angels. 269 Material light is diffused in space and hence is divisible. The Spiritual Light is indivisible, being totally present to each illuminated mind. Hence the Spiritual Light is simple in a way that the material light is not. 270 All our spiritual and mental powers are due to the same Spiritual Light working in each one of us. Cf. Wordsworth: “Those mysteries of Being which have made and shall continue evermore to make of the whole human race one brotherhood.” 271 Cf. ii. 8. 272 ὡς πάντα πρὸς ἑαυτὸ καλοῦν (ὅθεν καὶ κάλλος λέγεται). Cf. iv. 4. 273 The ultimate nature of all beautiful things is a simple and supernatural Element common to them all and manifested in them all. The law of life is that it has its true and ultimate being outside it. The true beauty of all beautiful things is outside them in God. Hence all great art (even when not directly religious) tends towards the Supernatural or has a kind of supernatural atmosphere. 274 παραδειγματικόν—i.e. the ultimate Law of their being, the Idea or Type. 275 τὸ μὴ ὄν—i.e. that mere nothingness which is manifested either as (1) formless “matter” or (2) evil. See Intr., p. 20. 276 Evil is non-existent in one sense. The Good is Non-Existent in another. Cf. p. 90, n. 1.
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Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

The text describes God's nature through negation, stating He is 'non-existent' in one sense while the Good is Non-Existent in another.

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Correspondencecosmology

The Hermetic axiom that the structure of the cosmos is reflected at every scale — 'as above, so below; as within, so without' — making each level a legible map of the others.

The text links the structure of the cosmos to human spiritual powers, stating 'all our spiritual and mental powers are due to the same Spiritual Light working in each one of us.'

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Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

The text emphasizes that God is revealed in Grace rather than apparent Nature and that His activity is impersonal.

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Divine Lighttheology

The uncreated luminous quality of the divine, sometimes experienced directly in mystical states; illumination as revelation.

The passage centrally discusses the nature of light as a divine attribute that permeates the world, illuminates minds, and reveals God's presence.

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Evil As Privationtheology

Augustinian and Plotinian doctrine that evil has no positive being of its own but is a lack, distortion, or absence of the good — denying ontological dualism while preserving moral seriousness.

The text explicitly defines evil as 'mere nothingness' manifested either as formless matter or evil itself, aligning with the doctrine that evil has no positive being.

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Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

The text suggests that true beauty and spiritual powers are revealed through direct contact with the divine light rather than external observation.

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Inner Lightanthropology

The divine spark or luminous quality residing within the human person, potentially recognisable through introspection.

The passage states that the Spiritual Light is indivisible and totally present to each illuminated mind.

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Kingdom Withinanthropology

The claim that the divine realm is present inside the individual, accessible without external mediation.

The text asserts that the divine light works within each individual, making the divine realm accessible internally.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

The text describes God's activity as impersonal yet active, permeating and working in the world.

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Monadcosmology

The absolutely simple, undivided first principle from which all multiplicity and existence flows.

The text refers to 'the Good' as a singular principle immanent in the world that contains all orders of existence.

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Return To Sourcesoteriology

The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.

The text implies a movement back to God as the ultimate source of beauty and light from which all things derive.

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Separation From Sourcesoteriology

The felt condition of exile from one's divine origin — Rumi's reed flute torn from its bed, Plotinus's 'we have forgotten,' the Gnostic forgetfulness; the affective wound that complements return_to_source and gives the return its motive.

The text notes that the true beauty of all things is outside them in God, implying a current state of separation from their source.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

The passage describes the human being as a subject of the Symbolic Divinity and implies a movement toward the divine through illumination.

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Unity Of Beingtheology

The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.

The text asserts that all beautiful things share a simple and supernatural Element common to them all.

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Related passages · 9 parallels
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Shared concept: Spiritual Ascent — A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source. (derived)
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Shared concept: Separation From Source — The felt condition of exile from one's divine origin — Rumi's reed flute torn from its bed, Plotinus's 'we have forgotten,' the Gnostic forgetfulness; the affective wound that complements return_to_source and gives the return its motive. (derived)