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Select Works of Plotinus · 691 of 752 · tr. Thomas Taylor

Select Works, Section 659

Section 20 20. Since we are not entitled to make desire the test by which to decide on the nature and quality of the good, we may perhaps have recourse to judgement. We would apply the opposition of things- order, disorder; symmetry, irregularity; health, illness; form, shapelessness; real-being, decay: in a word continuity against dissolution. The first in each pair, no one could doubt, belong to the concept of good and therefore whatever tends to produce them must be ranged on the good side. Thus virtue and Intellectual-Principle and life and soul- reasoning soul, at least- belong to the idea of good and so therefore does all that a reasoned life aims at. Why not halt, then- it will be asked- at Intellectual-Principle and make that The Good? Soul and life are traces of Intellectual-Principle; that principle is the Term of Soul which on judgement sets itself towards Intellectual-Principle, pronouncing right preferable to wrong and virtue in every form to vice, and thus ranking by its choosing. The soul aiming only at that Principle would need a further lessoning; it must be taught that Intellectual-Principle is not the ultimate, that not all things look to that while all do look to the good. Not all that is outside of Intellectual-Principle seeks to attain it; what has attained it does not halt there but looks still towards good. Besides, Intellectual-Principle is sought upon motives of reasoning, the good before all reason. And in any striving towards life and continuity of existence and activity, the object is aimed at not as Intellectual-Principle but as good, as rising from good and leading to it: life itself is desirable only in view of good.
Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

The text negates lower categories to describe the source, stating it is 'not to be thought of as one breath or warmth but rather as one quality.'

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Divine Simplicitytheology

The doctrine that God has no parts, divisions, or composite attributes; pure undivided being.

The source is described as 'one quality englobing and safeguarding all qualities,' suggesting an undivided nature that contains multiplicity without division.

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Evil As Privationtheology

Augustinian and Plotinian doctrine that evil has no positive being of its own but is a lack, distortion, or absence of the good — denying ontological dualism while preserving moral seriousness.

The text states that in the higher realm 'no indigence or impotence can exist,' implying that deficiency is absent from the divine source and belongs to the lower copy.

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Kenomacosmology

The void or emptiness outside the pleroma; the realm of matter, ignorance, and deficiency.

The contrast between the 'complete Being' above and the 'copy' below implies a deficiency or void in the material realm relative to the pleroma.

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Logoscosmology

The divine reason, word, or ordering principle through which the universe was created; mediates between the transcendent God and the material world.

The text mentions that the 'nature of the major parts determines' the forms they comprise, suggesting an ordering principle within the higher realm.

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Microcosm Macrocosmcosmology

The human being as a small-scale image of the entire cosmos; the body, soul, and intellect mirroring the structure of the heavens and the divine — distinct from correspondence in that it makes the human the privileged mirror.

The passage states that the nature of the major parts (macrocosm) determines the living forms they comprise, reflecting a structural mirroring between levels.

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Monadcosmology

The absolutely simple, undivided first principle from which all multiplicity and existence flows.

The passage identifies a singular source from which 'All flows,' described as 'one fount' and 'one quality englobing... all qualities.'

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Opposites Transcendedanthropology

The dissolution of binary oppositions (male/female, inner/outer, above/below) as a mark of spiritual completion.

The source is described as 'one quality englobing... all qualities,' including sensory distinctions like sweetness and color, suggesting a transcendence of binary oppositions.

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Correspondencecosmology

The Hermetic axiom that the structure of the cosmos is reflected at every scale — 'as above, so below; as within, so without' — making each level a legible map of the others.

[auto] The passage explicitly defines the relationship between the material universe and the higher realm as 'copy to original,' embodying the 'as above, so below' principle.

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Emanation Hierarchycosmology

A chain of divine beings or principles flowing downward from a single transcendent source (the One or the Father), each level less perfect than the one above.

[auto] The passage centrally defines the relationship between the material universe and the higher realm as 'copy to original,' establishing a hierarchical ontological structure.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

[auto] The higher realm is repeatedly characterized as 'intensely living' and containing 'unending life,' presenting the divine reality as dynamic rather than static.

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Pleromacosmology

The divine fullness or totality of the highest realm, populated by aeons and divine attributes, contrasted with the deficient material world.

[auto] The text describes a 'realm of complete Being' where everything exists beforehand in fullness, contrasting with the deficient material copy.

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Unity Of Beingtheology

The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.

[auto] The passage asserts that a 'living total' exists in the higher realm where 'everything must exist There,' implying a unified source of all existence.

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Related passages · 10 parallels
christian_mysticism|The Life and Doctrines of Jacob Boehme|Chapter 2 (part 1)
p. 58 CHAPTER II. THE UNITY OF THE ALL. "We are all one body in Christ, and have all the Spirit of Christ within our reach. If, then, we enter into the Christ, we may see and know everything by the power of His Spirit." ( Forty Question…”
Both passages explore the concept of a divine, eternal reality that encompasses all existence. Plotinus describes a realm of complete Being where all forms of life exist, while Boehme discusses the infinite and eternal nature of God, which cannot be fully comprehended by finite human understanding.
christian_mysticism|The Life and Doctrines of Jacob Boehme|Chapter 6 (part 1)
p. 122 CHAPTER VI. THE RESTORATION OF NATURE AND THE GENERATION OF MAN. " If we speak about heaven and the birth of the elements, we are then not telling of things that are far away or foreign to us, but of that which is taking place wit…”
Both passages discuss the concept of a higher, more perfect realm that serves as the origin and model for the physical world. They describe this realm as teeming with life and containing all the elements and living forms found in our world, but in a more intense and pure form.
christian_mysticism|The Life and Doctrines of Jacob Boehme|Chapter 6 (part 7)
That which Sol (the sun) is spiritually becomes corporeal in Luna (the moon)." ( Signature , ix. 24.) After the world of stars had begun to exist, the sidereal life appeared by the power of the former—that is to say, that living organisms…”
Both passages discuss the interconnectedness of all life and the existence of a higher, spiritual realm that serves as the origin of all things. They share a mystical perspective on the unity and vitality of the cosmos, though they come from different traditions.
christian_mysticism|The Life and Doctrines of Jacob Boehme|Chapter 7 (part 4)
28.) "In Paradise the substance of the divine world penetrated the substance belonging to time, comparable to the power of the sun penetrating a fruit growing on a tree, and endowing it with such qualities as render it lovely to the sight a…”
Both passages describe a higher, divine realm that is the source and archetype of the physical world. They emphasize the living, vibrant nature of this realm and its penetration into the material world, though they use different metaphors and theological frameworks.
greek_mystery|The Golden Verses of Pythagoras|Section 9 (part 1)
p. 45 PYTHAGOREAN ETHICAL SENTENCES FROM STOBÆUS 1. Do not even think of doing what ought not to be done. 2. Choose rather to be strong in soul than in body. 3. Be persuaded that things of a laborious nature contribute more than pleas…”
Both passages emphasize the pursuit of virtue and the good, with Plotinus discussing the nature of the good and the Intellectual-Principle, while Pythagoras outlines ethical sentences that promote virtue and the rejection of material desires. Both traditions value the cultivation of the soul and the pursuit of higher principles.
greek_mystery|The Golden Verses of Pythagoras|Section 11
p. 62 PYTHAGOREAN SENTENCES FROM THE PROTREPTICS OF IAMBLICHUS 1. As we live through soul, it must be said that by the virtue of this we live well; just as because we see through the eyes, we see well through the virtue of these. 2. It must…”
Both passages emphasize the pursuit of virtue and the good, with Plotinus focusing on the Intellectual-Principle and the soul's striving towards the good, while the Pythagorean sentences highlight the importance of virtue and the disciplining of the soul. Both traditions share a conceptual parallel in valuing virtue and the good as ultimate goals.
greek_mystery|The Golden Verses of Pythagoras|Section 12 (part 5)
Explanation .--The Symbol may be considered more Pythagorically, beginning from the same principles with those above. For since nutriment is to be measured by the corporeal and animal nature, and not by a bushel, do not pass your life in i…”
Both passages emphasize the importance of higher principles and virtues, with Passage A focusing on the Intellectual-Principle and the good, and Passage B discussing the importance of philosophy, justice, and the pursuit of truth. Both texts advocate for a life guided by reason and virtue, aiming towards a higher, more divine understanding.
hermeticism|Corpus Hermeticum 11: The Hymn|Section 1c
It must, then, be that such a one as this must be some one who's wholly One. 9. For as the many motions of them [all] are different, and as their bodies are not like, yet has one speed been ordered for them all, it is impossible that ther…”
Both passages discuss the concept of a unified, divine source that encompasses all life and existence. They explore the idea of a singular, all-encompassing entity that is the origin of all things, though they do so within different philosophical and mystical frameworks.
platonism|Plato: Republic|Section 1n
And you would say the same of the conception of the good? Until the person is able to abstract and define rationally the idea of good, and unless he can run the gauntlet of all objections, and is ready to disprove them, not by appeals to o…”
Both passages explore the nature of the good and the intellectual pursuit of it. They emphasize the importance of reason and understanding in attaining the good, though they come from different philosophical traditions.
western_esoteric|Transcendental Magic I: The Doctrine (Éliphas Lévi)|3. The Triangle Of Solomonb
The primeval sages, when seeking the First of Causes, behold good and evil in the world. They considered shadow and light; they compared winter with spring, age with youth, life with death, and their conclusion was this: The First Cause is…”
Both passages explore the nature of the good and the ultimate principle. Passage A discusses the Intellectual-Principle and the good as the ultimate aim, while Passage B explores the First Cause and the supreme excellence above good and evil, both seeking to understand the highest principle in their respective traditions.