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Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Book I · 45 of 51 · tr. Charles Johnston

Sutra 45

Subtle substance rises in ascending degrees, to that pure nature which has no distinguishing mark. As we ascend from outer material things which are permeated by separateness, and whose chief characteristic is to be separate, just as so many pebbles are separate from each other; as we ascend, first, to mind-images, which overlap and coalesce in both space and time, and then to ideas and principles, we finally come to purer essences, drawing ever nearer and nearer to unity. Or we may illustrate this principle thus. Our bodily, external selves are quite distinct and separate, in form, name, place, substance; our mental selves, of finer substance, meet and part, meet and part again, in perpetual concussion and interchange; our spiritual selves attain true consciousness through unity, where the partition wall between us and the Highest, between us and others, is broken down and we are all made perfect in the One. The highest riches are possessed by all pure souls, only when united. Thus we rise from separation to true individuality in unity.
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Themes
Divine Simplicitytheology

The doctrine that God has no parts, divisions, or composite attributes; pure undivided being.

The reference to 'pure nature which has no distinguishing mark' suggests an undivided essence.

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Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

The passage explicitly describes coming to purer essences where the partition wall is broken down and we are made perfect in the One.

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Opposites Transcendedanthropology

The dissolution of binary oppositions (male/female, inner/outer, above/below) as a mark of spiritual completion.

The ascent involves moving from separateness to unity, dissolving the binary oppositions of outer and inner.

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Spiritual Ascentpraxis

A staged journey of the soul upward through heavenly realms or levels of being toward the divine source.

The passage centrally describes ascending from outer material things to mind-images and finally to pure nature in unity.

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Unity Of Beingtheology

The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.

Reassigned from paradox_as_teaching

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