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Gospel of Thomas · 13 of 114 · tr. Thomas O. Lambdin

Logion 13

Jesus said to his disciples, "Compare me to someone and tell me whom I am like." Simon Peter said to him, "You are like a righteous angel." Matthew said to him, "You are like a wise philosopher." Thomas said to him, "Master, my mouth is wholly incapable of saying whom you are like." Jesus said, "I am not your master. Because you have drunk, you have become intoxicated from the bubbling spring which I have measured out." And he took him and withdrew and told him three things. When Thomas returned to his companions, they asked him, "What did Jesus say to you?" Thomas said to them, "If I tell you one of the things which he told me, you will pick up stones and throw them at me; a fire will come out of the stones and burn you up."
Themes
Divine Madnesssoteriology

Ecstatic irrational rapture — Plato's mania, Bruno's furore — by which the soul transcends ordinary reason and attains direct contact with divine reality; madness reframed as higher knowledge.

The state of intoxication and inability to speak signifies an ecstatic irrational rapture that transcends ordinary reason.

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Inner Silencepraxis

The practice of stilling the mind and speech to open receptivity to divine knowledge or presence.

Thomas's admission of inability to speak a comparison reflects a state of silence before the ineffable divine.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

Jesus actively engages with Thomas, embodying a dynamic, responsive divine presence.

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Return To Sourcesoteriology

The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.

Drinking from the spring measured out by Jesus implies a reconnection with the divine origin.

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Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

[auto] Thomas declares his mouth is wholly incapable of saying whom Jesus is like, indicating the divine transcends human categories.

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Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

[auto] The teachings are concealed in private, and Jesus's true nature remains beyond the descriptive reach of the disciples.

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Divine Intoxicationpraxis

Ecstatic, non-rational receptivity to the divine figured as drunkenness — Plato's symposium wine, Rumi's sukr, Eckhart's 'sober drunkenness'; the passive/receptive metaphor for divine encounter, distinct from divine_madness's active possessing rapture.

[auto] The passage explicitly describes Thomas as having drunk from a bubbling spring and become intoxicated, serving as a metaphor for ecstatic receptivity to the divine.

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Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

[auto] Thomas is favored for his direct experiential intoxication from the divine spring over the conceptual definitions offered by Peter and Matthew.

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Hidden Sayingssoteriology

Esoteric teachings reserved for those ready to receive them; outer meaning conceals an inner liberating truth.

[auto] Jesus withdraws to tell Thomas three secret things that are too dangerous for the other disciples to hear.

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Mystical Unionsoteriology

The merging of the individual soul or self with the divine, transcending personal identity.

[auto] The metaphor of drinking from the bubbling spring and becoming intoxicated suggests a merging or union with the divine source.

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Paradox As Teachingethics

Using apparent contradiction, reversal, or riddle to destabilise ordinary understanding and induce insight.

[auto] Thomas warns that revealing the truth will cause stones to burn people, using a surreal paradox to indicate the power of hidden knowledge.

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Pneumatic Electsoteriology

A spiritual elite who possess the divine spark and are predestined for salvation, contrasted with psychic (faithful) and hylic (material) persons.

[auto] Thomas is distinguished from the other disciples as one who has received direct spiritual intoxication, implying a higher spiritual status.

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Related passages · 3 parallels
buddhism|Vajrakkhedika (Diamond Cutter)|Section 1g
Therefore he is called an Anâgâmin.' Bhagavat said: 'What do you think, O Subhûti, does an Arhat think in this wise: The fruit of an Arhat has been obtained by me?' Subhûti said: 'Not indeed, O Bhagavat, an Arhat does not think in this wise…”
Both passages explore the theme of transcendence and the inability to define or possess spiritual states. In the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus emphasizes the ineffability of his true nature, while in the Buddhist text, Subhûti denies the possession of spiritual attainments, highlighting the non-individual nature of enlightenment.
jewish_mysticism|The Greater Holy Assembly (Idra Rabba Qadisha)|Idra Rabba, Chapter 1 (part 2)
1 12. "For it is written, Deut. xxxiii. 29: 'Blessed art thou, O Israel: who is like unto thee?' Also it is written, Exod. xv. 11: 'Who is like unto thee among the gods, O Tetragrammaton?'" 2 13. He called Rabbi Eleazer, his son, and…”
Both passages explore the theme of divine mystery and the inadequacy of human language to describe the divine. They also emphasize the secretive nature of divine knowledge, which can only be shared with those who are spiritually prepared.
sufism|The Masnavi, Book I (Rumi)|STORY XVa
Counsels of Reserve given by the Prophet to his Freedman Zaid. At dawn the Prophet said to Zaid, "How is it with thee this morning, O pure disciple?" He replied, "Thy faithful slave am I." Again he said, "If the garden of faith has bloomed…”
Both passages explore the theme of ineffable spiritual knowledge and the difficulty of conveying divine experiences to others. They also highlight the need for discretion in sharing such knowledge, as it may not be understood or accepted by those who have not had similar experiences.