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Genesis (American Standard Version, 1901) · 18 of 73 · tr. American Standard Version (1901)

16:6-17:11

[16:6] But Abram said unto Sarai, Behold, thy maid is in thy hand; do to her that which is good in thine eyes. And Sarai dealt hardly with her, and she fled from her face. [16:7] And the angel of Jehovah found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur. [16:8] And he said, Hagar, Sarai’s handmaid, whence camest thou? and whither goest thou? And she said, I am fleeing from the face of my mistress Sarai. [16:9] And the angel of Jehovah said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands. [16:10] And the angel of Jehovah said unto her, I will greatly multiply thy seed, that it shall not be numbered for multitude. [16:11] And the angel of Jehovah said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son; and thou shalt call his name Ishmael, because Jehovah hath heard thy affliction. [16:12] And he shall be as a wild ass among men; his hand shall be against every man, and every man’s hand against him; and he shall dwell over against all his brethren. [16:13] And she called the name of Jehovah that spake unto her, Thou art a God that seeth: for she said, Have I even here looked after him that seeth me? [16:14] Wherefore the well was called Beer-lahai-roi; behold, it is between Kadesh and Bered. [16:15] And Hagar bare Abram a son: and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bare, Ishmael. [16:16] And Abram was fourscore and six years old, when Hagar bare Ishmael to Abram. [17:1] And when Abram was ninety years old and nine, Jehovah appeared to Abram, and said unto him, I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be thou perfect. [17:2] And I will make my covenant between me and thee, and will multiply thee exceedingly. [17:3] And Abram fell on his face: and God talked with him, saying, [17:4] As for me, behold, my covenant is with thee, and thou shalt be the father of a multitude of nations. [17:5] Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be Abraham; for the father of a multitude of nations have I made thee. [17:6] And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, and I will make nations of thee, and kings shall come out of thee. [17:7] And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee and to thy seed after thee. [17:8] And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land of thy sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God. [17:9] And God said unto Abraham, And as for thee, thou shalt keep my covenant, thou, and thy seed after thee throughout their generations. [17:10] This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee: every male among you shall be circumcised. [17:11] And ye shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of a covenant betwixt me and you.
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Themes
Anthropomorphismtheology

Attributing human characteristics, emotions, or form to the divine; embodied divine imagery.

God 'appears' to Abram, 'talks' with him, and Abram 'falls on his face' before him, employing embodied, relational imagery for the divine.

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Covenanttheology

A binding agreement or relationship between the divine and a people or individual, establishing mutual obligations.

The entire passage from Genesis 17 is structured around God establishing a binding covenant with Abraham, including mutual obligations (circumcision) and divine promises (land, descendants, being their God).

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Divine Providencetheology

Pronoia — the doctrine that the divine actively orders the unfolding of the cosmos and human affairs toward intelligible ends, against pure chance or blind necessity.

God actively intervenes in human affairs: finding Hagar in the wilderness, promising her descendants, appearing to Abram, and establishing an everlasting order for his lineage and the land.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

The divine is portrayed as a personal, responsive reality who sees, speaks, appears, promises, and establishes relationships rather than operating as an abstract principle.

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Sacred Namestheology

Divine names or formulas that carry ontological power, used in prayer, liturgy, or magical practice.

Names carry ontological meaning throughout: Ishmael ('Jehovah hath heard'), Beer-lahai-roi ('God who sees'), and Abram's renaming to Abraham ('father of a multitude of nations') each encode a divine attribute or promise.

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