← Home
Iamblichus: On the Mysteries · 168 of 218 · tr. Thomas Taylor

Chapter VIIIh

Hence the ancient priests, by the mutual relation and sympathy of things to each other, collected their virtues into one, but expelled them by repugnancy and antipathy; purifying when it was requisite with sulphur and bitumen, and sprinkling with marine water. For sulphur purifies, from the sharpness of its odour; but marine water on account of its fiery portion. Besides this, in the worship of the Gods, they offered animals, and other substances congruous to their nature; and received, in the first place, the powers of 347 dæmons, as proximate to natural substances and operations; and by these natural substances they convoked into their presence those powers to which they approached. Afterwards they proceeded from dæmons to the powers and energies of the Gods; partly, indeed, from dæmoniacal instruction, but partly by their own industry, interpreting appropriate symbols, and ascending to a proper intelligence of the Gods. And lastly, laying aside natural substances and their operations, they received themselves into the communion and fellowship of the Gods.” The Emperor Julian alludes to this theurgical art, in the following extract from his Arguments against the Christians, preserved by Cyril. Το γαρ εκ θεων εις ανθρωπους αφικνουμενον πνευμα, σπανιακις μεν και εν ολιγοις γινεται, και ουτε παντα ανδρα τουτου μετασχειν ρᾳδιον, ουτε εν παντι καιρῳ. ταυτῃ το και το παρ’ Εβραιοις επελιπεν, ουκουν ουδε παρ’ Αιγυπτιοις εις τουτο σωζεται. Φαινεται δε και τα αυτοφυη χρηστηρια ταις των χρονων εικοντα περιοδοις. ὃ δε φιλανθρωπος ημων δεσποτης και πατηρ Ζευς εννοησας, ως αν μη πανταπασι της προς τους θεους αποστερηθωμεν κοινωνιας δεδωκεν ημιν δια των ιερων τεχνων επισκεψιν, υφ’ ης προς τας χρειας εξομεν την αποχρωσαν βοηθειαν. i. e. “For the inspiration which arrives to men from the Gods is rare, and exists but in a few. Nor is it easy for every man to partake of this, nor at every time. This has ceased among the Hebrews, nor is it preserved to the present time among the Egyptians. Spontaneous oracles, also, are seen to yield to temporal periods.
Themes
Correspondencecosmology

The Hermetic axiom that the structure of the cosmos is reflected at every scale — 'as above, so below; as within, so without' — making each level a legible map of the others.

The passage explicitly states that priests collected virtues into one through the mutual relation and sympathy of things to each other.

All passages →
Cosmic Sympathycosmology

The Stoic and Plotinian doctrine that all parts of the cosmos are bound by hidden affinities, so that a movement in one part resonates through the whole; the metaphysical basis for astrology, magic, and divination.

The text centrally describes the 'mutual relation and sympathy of things' as the foundation for collecting virtues and engaging divine powers.

All passages →
Divine Intoxicationpraxis

Ecstatic, non-rational receptivity to the divine figured as drunkenness — Plato's symposium wine, Rumi's sukr, Eckhart's 'sober drunkenness'; the passive/receptive metaphor for divine encounter, distinct from divine_madness's active possessing rapture.

The text mentions receiving inspiration from the Gods which is described as a rare and ecstatic state akin to drunkenness.

All passages →
Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

The passage emphasizes ascending to a proper intelligence of the Gods through dæmoniacal instruction and symbols rather than faith alone.

All passages →
Ritual Puritypraxis

The maintenance of a state of cleanliness—physical, moral, or spiritual—required for encounter with the divine.

The priests are described as purifying with sulphur and bitumen to prepare for communion with the Gods.

All passages →
Theosis Deificationsoteriology

The doctrine — central to Eastern Orthodox and Maximian theology — that the human person is progressively transformed into a partaker of the divine nature by grace, not merely justified or united in passing ecstasy.

The text describes receiving oneself into the communion and fellowship of the Gods through theurgical practice.

All passages →
Theurgypraxis

Iamblichean ritual practice that engages the gods directly through consecrated material symbols and actions, on the premise that divine power descends into properly prepared matter — distinct from philosophical contemplation alone.

The passage explicitly details theurgical art involving purification, offerings, dæmons, and ascending to divine intelligence as a method of communion.

All passages →
Related passages · 6 parallels
egyptian|The Egyptian Book of the Dead (Papyrus of Ani)|Chapter 12 (part 3)
This scent is that which distilleth from Horus, this scent is that which distilleth from Set, and it is that which stablisheth the hearts of the two Horus gods.[2] Thou purifiest thyself with the Heru-shesu;[*] thou art purified with natron…”
Both passages describe rituals and practices aimed at purification and communion with the divine. They emphasize the use of specific substances (like natron and marine water) and the invocation of divine powers through symbolic actions, reflecting a shared concern with spiritual transformation and connection to the divine.
egyptian|The Egyptian Heaven and Hell|Chapter 4 (part 9)
Entrance to the Boat of Millions of Years was likewise obtained by the knowledge of magical words and formulae, and of the secret names of the great gods, but the food on which lived the beatified souls who succeeded in securing a place in…”
Both passages discuss the use of rituals, symbols, and divine names to connect with higher powers or deities. They also emphasize the role of priests or educated classes in mediating these connections and the belief in an afterlife or communion with the divine.
greek_mystery|Orphic Hymns|Front Matter, p. 4 (part 17)
82 bitumen, and the sprinkling of marine water. For sulphur purifies from the sharpness of its odour; but marine water on account of its fiery portion. Besides this, in the worship of the Gods, they offered animals, and other substances c…”
Both passages describe theurgical practices involving purification with sulphur and marine water, the use of natural substances in worship, and the progression from interacting with dæmons to communing with the Gods. They share a conceptual parallel in their description of the mystical and ritualistic practices aimed at ascending to divine intelligence.
greek_mystery|Orphic Hymns|Hymn X (part 1)
X. TO PAN * The FUMIGATION from VARIOUS ODORS I Call strong Pan, the substance of the whole, Etherial, marine, earthly, general soul, Immortal fire; for all the world is thine, And all are parts of thee, O pow'r divine. p. 131 Come, bles…”
Both passages discuss the use of rituals, substances, and divine entities to connect with higher powers and maintain cosmic order. They share a focus on the interplay between natural elements and divine energies, though they come from different mystical traditions.
western_esoteric|Transcendental Magic II: The Ritual (Éliphas Lévi)|4. The Conjuration Of The Foure
Fulfil, Judgment, by fire in the virtue of Michael. Angel of the blind eyes, obey, or pass away with this holy water! Work, Winged Bull, or revert to the earth, unless thou wilt that I should pierce thee with this sword! Chained Eagle, o…”
Both passages describe theurgical practices involving the manipulation of elemental forces and the invocation of divine or spiritual entities. They share a conceptual framework of using specific rituals and symbols to interact with and control natural and supernatural powers.
renaissance_hermeticism|Agrippa: The Philosophy of Natural Magic, Chapter XXXVIII — How We May Draw Not Only Celestial and Vital, but Also Certain Intellectual and Divine Gifts From Above|Chapter XXXVIII, Section 1a
CHAPTER XXXVIII. How We May Draw Not Only Celestial and Vital, but Also Certain Intellectual and Divine Gifts From Above . Magicians teach that celestial gifts may, through inferiors being conformable to superiors, be drawn down by opport…”
[auto] Both passages discuss the concept of drawing divine or celestial influences through natural substances and rituals, emphasizing the use of specific materials and their correspondences to higher powers.