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Corpus Hermeticum XVI: The Definitions of Asclepius unto King Ammon · 2 of 6 · tr. G.R.S. Mead

Section 1b

It sendeth forth of its 4 abundance, and in the place [of what it sendeth forth] receiveth the subsistence from above. 5 For thus the Demiurge 6 —I mean the Sun—eternally doth order Heaven and Earth, pouring down Essence, 7 and taking Matter up, drawing both round Himself and to Himself all things, and from Himself giving all things to all. For He it is whose goodly energies extend not only through the Heaven and the Air, but also onto Earth, right down unto the lowest Depth and the Abyss. 6. And if there be an Essence which the mind alone can grasp, 8 this is his Substance, 9 the reservoir 10 of which would be His Light. p. 270 But whence this [Substance] doth arise, or floweth forth, He, [and He] only, knows. * * * * * Or rather, in space and nature, He is near unto Himself . . . though as He is not seen by us, . . . understand [Him] by conjecture. 1 7. The spectacle of Him, however, is not left unto conjecture; nay [for] His very rays, 2 in greatest splendour, shine all round on all the Cosmos that doth lie above and lie below. For He is stablished in the midst, wreathed with the Cosmos, 3 and just as a good charioteer, He safely drives the cosmic team, 4 and holds them in unto Himself, 5 lest they should run away in dire disorder. The reins are Life, and Soul, and Spirit, Deathlessness, and Genesis. p. 271 He lets it, then, drive [round] not far off from Himself—nay, if the truth be said, together with Himself. 8. And in this way He operates 1 all things. To the immortals He distributeth perpetual permanence; and with the upper hemisphere of His own Light—all that he sends above from out His other side, 2 [the side of him] which looks to Heaven—He nourisheth the deathless parts of Cosmos. But with that side that sendeth down [its Light], and shineth round all of the hemisphere 3 of Water, and of Earth, and Air, He vivifieth, and by births and changes keepeth in movement to and fro the animals 4 in these [the lower] parts of Cosmos. . . . 9. He changes them in spiral fashion, and doth transform them into one another, genus to genus, species into species, their mutual changes into one another being balanced—just as He does when He doth deal with the Great Bodies. For in the case of every body, [its] permanence [consists in] transformation. In case of an immortal one, there is no p. 272 dissolution; but when it is a mortal one, it is accompanied with dissolution. 1 And this is how the deathless body doth differ from the mortal, and how the mortal one doth differ from the deathless. 10. Moreover, as His Light’s continuous, so is His Power of giving Life to lives continuous, and not to be brought to an end in space or in abundance.
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Themes
Apophatic Theologytheology

Describing the divine only by negation—God transcends all positive categories and concepts; the via negativa.

The text states the Divine is not seen and must be understood by conjecture, emphasizing transcendence beyond perception.

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Cosmic Dualismtheology

Ontological opposition between two primal principles (light/darkness, truth/lie, spirit/matter) as the fundamental structure of reality.

A clear distinction is made between immortal/deathless parts and mortal parts subject to dissolution.

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Cosmic Sympathycosmology

The Stoic and Plotinian doctrine that all parts of the cosmos are bound by hidden affinities, so that a movement in one part resonates through the whole; the metaphysical basis for astrology, magic, and divination.

The Demiurge's energies extend through all levels of the cosmos, holding them in connection to Himself.

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Demiurgecosmology

A secondary creator deity—often ignorant or malevolent—responsible for fashioning the material world, distinct from the supreme transcendent God.

[auto] The text explicitly identifies the Sun as the Demiurge who orders Heaven and Earth and fashions matter.

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Divine Hiddennesstheology

The supreme God's radical concealment beyond ordinary knowledge or perception; the Hidden Father.

The source of the Substance is known only to Him, and He is not seen by us despite His rays shining.

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Divine Lighttheology

The uncreated luminous quality of the divine, sometimes experienced directly in mystical states; illumination as revelation.

[auto] Light is described as the Substance of the Demiurge and the means by which He nourishes and vivifies the cosmos.

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Divine Providencetheology

Pronoia — the doctrine that the divine actively orders the unfolding of the cosmos and human affairs toward intelligible ends, against pure chance or blind necessity.

[auto] The Sun is depicted as actively ordering, driving, and sustaining the cosmos eternally through His energies.

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Emanation Hierarchycosmology

A chain of divine beings or principles flowing downward from a single transcendent source (the One or the Father), each level less perfect than the one above.

Natures are described as depending from one Root, with Essence pouring down from the Sun to matter.

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Gnosis Direct Knowledgesoteriology

Salvation through direct experiential knowledge of the divine nature, not through faith, ritual, or moral works alone.

The Essence is described as something the mind alone can grasp, implying intellectual knowledge of the divine.

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Living Godtheology

The divine conceived as active, present, and dynamic—not an abstract principle but a personal responsive reality.

The Demiurge is portrayed as actively operating, ordering, and vivifying all things continuously.

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Logoscosmology

The divine reason, word, or ordering principle through which the universe was created; mediates between the transcendent God and the material world.

The Sun functions as the ordering principle that mediates between the Root and the material world.

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Monadcosmology

The absolutely simple, undivided first principle from which all multiplicity and existence flows.

The cosmos depends from 'one Root' and the Sun is stablished in the midst drawing all things to Himself.

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Prayerpraxis

Direct address to the divine, whether petitionary, contemplative, or liturgical; speech and silence offered upward.

The passage is excerpted from a Hymn, implying a context of liturgical address to the Divine.

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Return To Sourcesoteriology

The soul's journey back to its divine origin, reversing the fall into matter through stages of purification or illumination.

The Demiurge draws all things round Himself and to Himself, suggesting a movement toward the origin.

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Tripartite Soulanthropology

Division of the human being into three principles: spirit (pneuma), soul (psyche), and body/matter (hyle or soma).

The reins of the cosmic team are listed as Life, Soul, and Spirit, reflecting the Hermetic triad often applied to humans.

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Unity Of Beingtheology

The doctrine that all existence is ultimately one substance or one divine reality; non-duality as a theological claim.

All things are drawn round and to the One Root/Sun, implying a fundamental unity of existence.

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