Chapter 14 (part 3)

Strictly speaking, he is the rising sun, and is one of the most important forms of Horus. As god of mid-day and evening he is called Ra-Harmachis and Tmu-Harmachis respectively. The sphinx at Gizeh was dedicated to him.] ka [1] of Osiris,[2] the scribe Ani, triumphant[3] before Osiris, (6) who saith: Hail all ye gods of the Temple of the Soul,[4] who weigh heaven and earth in the balance, and who provide food and abundance of meat. Hail Tatunen,[5] One, (7) creator of mankind and of the substance of the gods of the south and of the north, of the west and of the east. Ascribe [ye] praise unto Ra, the lord of heaven, the (8) Prince, Life, Health, and Strength, the Creator of the gods, and adore ye him in his beautiful Presence as he riseth in the atet [6] boat. (9) They who dwell in the heights and they who dwell in the depths worship thee. Thoth[7] and Maat both are thy recorders. Thine enemy[8] is given to the (10) fire, the evil one hath fallen; his arms are bound, and his legs hath Ra taken from him. The children of (11) impotent revolt shall never rise up again. [1. According to the Egyptian belief man consisted of a body xa , a soul ba , an intelligence xu , and ka , The word ka means "image," the Greek ei?'dolon (compare Coptic kau Peyron, Lexicon , p. 61). The ka seems to have been the "ghost," as we should say, of a man, and it has been defined as his abstract personality, to which, after death, the Egyptians gave a material form. It was a subordinate part of the human being during life, but after death it became active; and to it the offerings brought to the tomb by the relatives of the dead were dedicated. It was believed that it returned to the body and had a share in its re-vivification. See Birch, Mémoire sur une patère Égyptienne (in Trans. Soc. Imp. des Antiquaires de France , 1858; Chabas, Papyrus Magique , pp. 28, 29; Maspero, Étude sur quelques peintures , p. 191 ff.; Trans. Soc. Bibl. Arch ., vol. vi., p. 494 ff.; Brugsch, Aegyptologie , p. 181; Wiedemann, Religion der alien Aegypter , p. 126 f.). 2 The deceased is always identified with Osiris, or the sun which has set, the judge and god of the dead. As the sun sets in the west and rises again in the cast, so the dead man is laid in his tomb on the western bank of the Nile, and after being acquitted in the Hall of judgment, proceeds to the east to begin a new existence. 3. maaxeru or maatxeru . On this word, see Naville, Litanie du Soleil , p. 74; Devéria, L'Expression Mââ-xerou (in Recueil de Travaux , tom. i., p. 10 ff.). 4. Compare ### and ### Brugsch, Dict. Géog ., pp. 185, 186. 5. Tatunen, or Tenen was, like Seb with whom he was identified, the god of the earth; his name is often joined to that of Ptah, and he is then described as the creator of gods and men, and the maker of the egg of the sun and of the moon.